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Book i 



V. 



7« 



6Sth Congress 1 



3d Session 



SENATE 



/ Document 
\ No. 454 



--^ ^ 1 



JACOB HAROLD GALLINGER 

(Late a Senator from New Hampshire) 



MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 

DELIVERED IN THE 

SENATE AND THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

OF THE UNITED STATES 



/I7 



SIXTY-FIFTH CONGRESS 
THIRD SESSION 



Proceedings in the Senate 
January 19, 1919 



Proceedings in the House 
January 19, 1919 



PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF 
THE JOINT COMMITTEE ON PRINTING 




L^ 



_r^ LO'h ^ 



WASHINGTON 
1919 



-4 




ffT •C a\ 

0£G 24 1910 



TABLE OF CONTENTS 



Page. 

Proceedings in the Senate 5 

Prayer by Rev. Forrest J. Prettyman, D. D 5 

Memorial addresses by — 

Mr. Henry F. Hollis, of New Hampshire 9 

Mr. Henry Cabot Lodge, of Massachusetts 13 

Mr. Francis E. Warren, of Wyoming 16 

Mr. Hoke Smith, of Georgia 19 

Mr. Knute Nelson, of Minnesota 20 

Mr. Reed Smoot, of Utah 25 

Mr. John W. Weeks, of Massachusetts 28 

Mr. Charles S. Thomas, of Colorado 31 

Mr. George H. Moses, of New Hampshire 34 

Proceedings in the House of Representatives 43 

Prayer by Rev. Henry N. Couden, D. D 43,46 

Memorial addresses by — 

Mr. Joseph W. Fordney, of Michigan 49 

Mr. Julius Kahn, of California 56 

Mr. Edward H. Wason, of New Hampshire 59 

Mr. Martin B. Madden, of Illinois 70 

Mr. Thomas Gallagher, of Illinois 73 

Mr. Isaac R. Sherwood, of Ohio 77 

Mr. William S. Greene, of Massachusetts 80 

Mr. Frank W. Mondell, of Wyoming 88 

Mr. Philip P. Campbell, of Kansas 90 

Mr. Richard W. Austin, of Tennessee 92 

Mr. Sherman E. Burroughs, of New Hampshire.. 95 

Mr. Frank P. Woods, of Iowa 105 

Mr. Joseph G. Cannon, of Illinois 108 

Death of Senator Gallinger 115 

Funeral services 117 

Tributes 123 



[3] 




HON.JACOB Jf.GAJVLINGEH. 



DEATH OF HON. JACOB HAROLD GALLINGER 



Proceedings in the Senate 

Monday, August 19, 1918. 
The Chaplain, Rev. Forrest J. Prettyman, D. D., offered 
the following prayer: 

Almighty God, as we come before Thee at the beginning 
of this session our hearts are saddened because of the 
going away of one of the lofty men of our national life — 
a man who has lived among us with unsullied character; 
who has borne himself with the dignity of a Senator, with 
the honor of a man, with the grace of a Christian; whose 
counsel was wise; whose chaste spirit has refined the 
spirit of the Nation. We bless Thee for his life and char- 
acter and ministry among us. 

We pray that we may feel an added sense of respon- 
sibility as these men who have been tried through the 
years are taken from us, and that we may, by the grace of 
God, measure up to the ever-increasing responsibilities 
of this high office. 

Hear us in our prayer; direct us to-day in the affairs 
that may confront us; help us to solve our national prob- 
lems in the fear of God; and bring us to ultimate victory 
and success. For Christ's sake. Amen. 

Mr. Nelson. Mr. President, it is my painful duty this 
morning to announce the death of our late colleague, 
Jacob H. Gallingeb, the senior Senator from the State of 
New Hampshire. He passed away from life on the 17th 



[5] 



INIemorial Addresses: Senator Gallingek 

of this month in a sanitarium at Franklin, N. H., in the 
eighty-second year of his age, after a service of 27 years 
in this body. 

Mr. G.\llinger's death is especially sad and painful to 
me from the fact that 1 have been associated with him so 
long in the public service. We were associates in the 
House of Representatives in the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth 
Congresses, and I have been associated with him in this 
body since the 4th of March, 1895. During a large share 
of that time we were both members of one of the most 
important committees of the Senate, and I learned to 
know the Senator intimately and well. He was one of 
the most industrious and energetic Members of this body, 
always vigilant and active in the public interest; and he 
set an example to all of us who served with him, and to 
those who are coming after us, as one of the most efficient 
public servants that this countrj' has ever had. 

Mr. President, while the late Senator passed away in 
the fullness of his years, his death is a gi-eat loss not only 
to his State but to our common country and to this body. 
We shall miss him. He was always active, always vigi- 
lant, always attentive to his public duties. 

On some future occasion this body no doubt will take 
proceedings to commemorate in a more full and complete 
manner his life and his seiwices. On this occasion 1 shall 
not take up the time of the Senate further than to offer 
the resolutions which I send to the desk and ask to have 
read. 

The President pro tempore. The Secretary will read the 
resolutions. 

The resolutions (S. Res. 291) were read, considered by 
unanimous consent, and unanimously agreed to, as fol- 
lows : 

Resolved, That the Senate lias heard with profound sorrow of 
the death of the Hon. Jacob Harold Gallinger, for 27 years a 
Senator from the Stale of Nev.- Hampshire. 

[6] 



Proceedings in the Senate 



Resolved, That a committee of 18 Senators be appointed by tlie 
President pro tempore to take order for superintending the 
funeral of Mr. Gallinger, to be held in the city of Concord, N. H. 

Resolved, That the Secretary communicate a copy of these 
resolutions to the House of Representatives. 

Under the second resolution the President pro tempore 
appointed Mr. Lodge, Mr. Martin, Mr. Nelson, Mr. Pen- 
rose, Mr. Dillingham, Mr. Simmons, Mr. Overman, Mr. 
Smoot, Mr. Borah, Mr. Bankhead, Mr. Smith of Marj'land, 
Mr. Cummins, Mr. Poindexter, Mr. Thomas, Mr. Weeks, 
Mr. Hollis, Mr. Curtis, and Mr. New as the committee on 
the part of the Senate. 

Mr. Nelson. Mr. President, as a further mark of respect 
to the memory of the deceased Senator, I move that the 
Senate adjourn. 

The motion was unanimously agreed to; and (at 12 
o'clock and 10 minutes p. m.) the Senate adjourned until 
Thursday, August 22, 1918, at 12 o'clock meridian. 

Thcrsday, August 22, 1918. 
A message from the House of Representatives, by J. C. 
South, its Chief Clerk, transmitted to the Senate resolu- 
tions on the death of Hon. Jacob Harold G.\llinger, late a 
Senator from the State of New Hampshire. 

Wednesday, December IS. 1918. 

Mr. Moses. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that 
the Senate shall convene on Sunday, January 19, 1919, at 
11 o'clock a. m., to consider resolutions in commemora- 
tion of the life, character, and public services of the late 
Senator from New Hampshire, Hon. Jacob H. Gallinger. 

The Presiding Officer. Is there any objection? There 
is none, and it is so ordered. 



[7] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator Gallinger 

Sunday, January 19, 1919. 

Mr. HoLLis. Mr. President. I offer the following resolu- 
tions and move their adoption. 

The Vice President. The resolutions will be read. 

The resolutions (S. Res. 417) were read, considered by 
unanimous consent, and unanimously agreed to, as fol- 
lows: 

Resolved, That the Senate expresses its profound sorrow in 
the death of the Hon. Jacob H. Gallinger, late a Senator from 
the State of New Hampshire. 

Eesolved, That as a mark of respect to the memory of the 
deceased the Senate, in pursuance of an order heretofore made, 
assembles to enable his associates to pay proper tribute to his 
high character and distinguished public services. 

Eesolved, That the Secretary communicate these resolutions 
to the House of Representatives and transmit a copy thereof to 
the family of the deceased. 



[8] 



MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 
Address of Mr. Mollis, of New Hampshire 

Mr. President: My late distinguished colleague, the 
Hon. Jacob Harold Gallinger, was the leader of his party 
in the Senate and the veteran of this body by two full 
years in point of continuous service. He entered the 
Senate March 4, 1891, serving without a break to the day 
of his death, August 17, 1918, a period of 27 years. 

Senator Gallinger began his political career in the New 
Hampshire Legislature in 1872, serving there for several 
terms, and later three terms in the State senate, where he 
was twice president. He was a Member of the National 
Congress for two terms before he entered the United 
States Senate. For many years he was chairman of the 
Republican State committee in New Hampshire. 

The duties of these various offices he discharged with 
industry', intelligence, and dignity. He leaned toward the 
formal in his conduct of public business, but he was de- 
liglitfully informal, genial, and kindly in his own home 
and among his friends. He was ever ready to perform 
favors for friend or foe. He was of an optimistic tem- 
perament, wholesome, sane, uniformly cheerful and cour- 
teous. It is delightful to one who has been his persistent 
politifcal adversary from his home ward to the forum of 
the Senate to be able to accord to him, without reserva- 
tion, so much of praise. 

His character and his attitude toward public questions 
were conventional and consistent. One who had followed 
his course for a few years could foretell with certainty 
how he would vote on any matter of importance. He was 
sure not to be " the first by whom the new is tried," and 
he was always among " the last to lay the old aside." 

[9] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator Gallinger 

Senator Gallinger was a natural conservative. Hard 
work and persistent effort had lifted him from lowly cir- 
cumstances to a position of power and influence among 
his fellows. The game of life was played in his genera- 
tion according to his tastes and inclinations. He believed 
that any man of average intelligence could get on in the 
world if he would be sober, industrious, and thrifty. He 
did not believe that the countrj' or the Government owed 
any man more than this opportunity. 

I think Senator Gallinger was frankly puzzled at the 
era of change and reform in which he spent his declining 
years. I used to see him in the Senate gazing at some col- 
league whom he believed to be honest, wondering how 
any intelligent man could utter such foolishness. 

More than once he has said to me in substance : " I sup- 
pose you young chaps consider me veiy old-fashioned. 
Perhaps I am. But things look to me now as they have all 
my life. I believe I am right, and I shall stick it out if I 
have to stand alone." 

His long and elevated allegiance to prohibition and 
woman suffrage testify to his courage and independence. 
I sincerely believe that the inevitable adoption of Federal 
amendments on these subjects was hastened several years 
by his advocacy and support. In these two respects he 
departed from conventionalism and conservatism and be- 
came progressive and radical. I think he delighted in 
thus straying occasionally from the beaten conservative 
path and plucking a few nosegays from Bohemian fields. 
Most of his political associates were opposed to prohibi- 
tion, and nearly all of them abhorred woman suffrage, 
particularly in the early days. But he never faltered. 

The name of my late colleague has been familiar to me 
from boyhood. All my life he has been a leading citizen 
of my native city. I remember hearing my father speak 
of him in 1876, when I was only 7, and my father and Dr. 

[10] 



Address of Mr. Mollis, of New Hampshire 

Gallinger, as he was then known, %\ere niemhers of the 
New Hampshire Constitutional Convention. His children 
were my playmates and schoolmates, and his daughter sat 
beside me during our first year in the Concord High 
School. 

Dr. Gallinger enjoyed a good practice as a physician in 
the best circles of Concord before he entered Congress, in 
the days when a physician was not a specialist, but an 
all-round general practitioner, family adviser, and friend. 
My townsmen referred to him to the last as " Doctor " 
Gallinger, feeling in some way iliat that appellation was 
less formal than that of " Senator." 

He was always prominent in advancing the cause of our 
city and our State. In the old days there were perennial 
contests in the State legislature and before the courts be- 
tween the Concord Railroad and the Boston & Maine Rail- 
road, which was then called a " foreigner." Dr. Gallin- 
ger and my father always worked together for the inter- 
ests of the Concord road against the foreign invader. 
And it was characteristic of Senator Gallinger that he 
continued those early friendships and afTiliations through- 
out his life. He had a great gift in the way of staunch- 
ness and loyalty to his friends. 

Senator Gallinger was a tireless worker, and had little 
patience with those who were lazy or inattentive. For 20 
years I tended his skill in political campaigns, and I never 
knew it to fail. No detail was overlooked. He kept track 
of every absent voter, and found time to take a friendly 
interest in pi'omising young men of both parties just ap- 
proaching their majority. The Democratic Party won no 
important victories in New Hampshire until he retired as 
chairman of the Republican State Committee in 1908. 

My relations with my colleague were always cordial in 
private life. In the Senate we usually voted against each 
other, but we never clashed in debate after the tariff con- 



[11] 



INIemorial Addresses: Senator Gallinger 



test of 1913. We found many opportunities to reciprocate 
favors, and we never hesitated to confer on matters in 
which our constituents were interested. 

I can testify with authority to the universal esteem in 
which my late colleague was held by Senators on this side 
of the Chamber. I leave it to those who were associated 
with him long years in the Senate to speak of his services 
here. I have tried merely to outline his many fine quali- 
ties as observed by a political antagonist of a younger gen- 
eration who knew him as a good neighbor, a kind parent, 
a devoted husband, and an exemplary citizen. 

New Hampshire mourns his loss. 



[12] 



Address of Mr. Lodge, of Massachusetts 

Mr. President: " The man who was one of us has put on 
the garment of Eternity and become radiant and tri- 
umphant; the present is all at once the past; Hope is sud- 
denly cut away and only the backward vistas of Memory 
remain, shone over by a light that proceeds not from this 
earthly sun." 

" This is a transition out of visible Time into invisible 
Eternity." 

And the questions which arise as we mourn for the 
friend who has gone and strive to do him honor are two: 
What did he do in the life that was granted him among 
the generation and in the times where his lot was cast? 
and the greater question, How did he live his life? What 
a man was is ever more important than what he did. 
Without misgiving we can ask and answer both questions 
in the case of Senator Gallinger. A long life closing with 
all that should accompany old age, " honor, love, obedi- 
ence, troops of friends." A life beginning with the earn- 
est pursuit and crowding activities of a noble profession 
and then passing to many years of devoted public service 
lasting longer than the lifetime of a generation of men. 

For more than 27 years he has served his State and his 
country in the Senate of the United States. A great trust 
this and finely executed. No more faithful public servant 
ever sat in the great body of which he was so long an 
honored Member. His diligence and industi-y never 
flagged. He passed daily from the committee room, 
where most of the hard work — never seen or compre- 
hended fully by the public — is done, to the floor of the 
Senate to continue his labors there. He was preeminently 

[13] 



Memorial Aodresses : Senator Gai.linger 



a good legislator. No measure that interested him, and 
ven- few escaped his watchful eye, went through without 
some improving touch from his skillful hand whenever 
improvement was needed. He became a very able parlia- 
mentarian, although not bred to the law, and was always 
master of the business of the Senate. He was a strong 
and effective debater, and upon the subjects which he 
made peculiarly his own when he spoke at length it was 
always with force, with thorough knowledge, and with 
clear coordination of all parts of his subject and all 
phases of the argument. His career was one of real bene- 
fit and wide-reaching usefulness to his fellow men and 
of ever-growing distinction until he became and securely 
held a high eminence as one of the best known and most 
trusted statesmen of the Republic. The words " ever 
growing " can be accui-ately used in regard to Senator 
Gallinger, for his mental and bodily strength until two 
years ago was never abated. He had reached his eightieth 
year before he had the severe illness which gave the first 
indication of his advanced age. Even then, after his re- 
coveiy, when he returned to his work, he labored as be- 
fore and his wise counsel and strong but kindly influence 
were as potent as ever. Never for a moment did he lag 
superfluous upon the stage or through disease or weak- 
ness fail in any duty. 

He had the i-espect, the confidence, and the affection of 
his fellow Senators on both sides of the Chamber to a 
degree rarely equaled. This was not owing to any arts 
practiced for popularity; still less to being all things to all 
men, which was impossible to him. It was wholly due to 
his character, to the qualitj' of the man. In other words, to 
what he was, the second and the greater touchstone, and 
this proved him to be current gold indeed. He was a man 
of strong character and rigid honesty alike in thought, in 
word, and in action. He had strong likes and dislikes, 

ri4i 



Address of Mr. Lodge, of Massachusetts 



deep-rooted convictions, and entire courage, and these are 
the qualities which in the long run always command re- 
spect; and if they are allied as they were in him with great 
kindness, a most genuine modesty, keen sympathy, and a 
real tender-heartedness for all who sorrow or are heavy 
laden, affection is sure to follow close upon respect. He 
was a good man, highest praise of all, never prim or prud- 
ish or intolerant, incapable of hypocrisy, and yet always a 
good man without casuistry or debate and without spot or 
blemish upon which en\^% hatred, or malice could lay a 
pain-giving touch. He had many a hard-fought contest 
and he never asked quarter or shrank from striking a 
hard blow for the truth as he saw it, but about himself he 
never had anything to explain. His life was an open book 
and he guarded no secrets. 

Many hca\'3' sorrows came to him, and he felt them 
deeply, but he met them bravely, and went on with liis 
public work unrelaxing and undaunted. 

So death came to him with the harness on his back, as 
he would have wished — came to him when he was filled 
with overpowering, yearning anxiety for his beloved 
country in the hour of extreme stress and trial. Those 
who knew him, those who were with him in all his daily 
work, will miss him sadly. To those nearest and dearest 
to him his death is an irreparable loss. But for him all is 
well. In the fullness of his years, loved and honored by 
his friends and countrymen, with but little suffering he 
has come to the inevitable end. "With all truth and with 
devout and tender feeling we may repeat the beautiful 
words : 

" Well done, thou good and faithful servant, enter thou into 
the joy of thy Lord." 



[15] 



Address of Mr. Warren, of Wyoming 

Mr. President: We have assembled to-day to pay trib- 
ute to the memory of om- late and much-beloved col- 
league, Jacob Harold Gaixinger, who was one of the many 
great men the State of New Hampshire has produced, 
and one of the most useful statesmen this body has known. 

Other Senators, who feel his loss no more keenly than 
I do, will doubtless recount better than I can the many 
interesting facts that concerned his long career of hon- 
orable public service. Therefore, 1 shall speak but briefly 
regarding those facts. 

Jacob H. Gallinger was born on a Canadian farm and 
was one of a large family of children. In his youth he 
learned the printer's trade and later studied medicine, 
and was graduated in that profession, which he followed 
until he entered Congi-ess as a Member of the House of 
Representatives in 1885. He served in the House through- 
out two Congresses, the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth, declined 
renomination for election to the Fifty-first Congress, and 
came to the Senate in the Fifty-second Congress, his term 
commencing March 4, 1891. 

My own service in the United States Senate commenced 
three months prior to that time, so I was one of those 
permitted to welcome him when he came. But, alas, it 
has been more than a decade since the last one of all the 
others of the then sitting Members of this body passed 
out of service here. Senator Gallinger served continu- 
ously from his first entrance into the Senate until his 
death, while my fate was to retire for one Congress. So 
the Senator had had, in fact, a considerably longer service 
at the time of his death than any of the remaining Mem- 
bers. 

[16] 



Address of Mr. Warren, of Wyoming 

It was the privilege of several of us here to have known 
Senator Gallinger during a large part of his 33 years' 
service in Congress, and I am certain that not one of his 
former colleagues who have outlived him, whether his 
acquaintanceship was for a longer or shorter period, will 
gainsay my statement that Senator Gallinger was one of 
the most lovable, faithful, and courteous men we have 
had with us in this close association of the Senate Cham- 
ber, which gives men opportunity to know each other 
most intimately and to observe at close range each other's 
human weaknesses as well as strength. 

In that connection I am reminded of the words of the 
essayist, Emerson, who said that " Other men are lenses 
through which we read our own minds." That idea be- 
comes real to us as we gather here each day and look into 
the lenses for the thoughts of our fellow Senators and 
the reflections of our own thoughts. And most of us will 
recall the many times we have consulted with our friend 
who has left us, as we have endeavored to inform our- 
selves and to adjust our own minds. 

I have never known Senator Gallinger to shirk a duty 
or responsibility. On the contrary, I have known him to 
be present here and engage in burdensome tasks when his 
strength was not equal to the demands made upon it. 

We were fellow members of several committees dur- 
ing our many years of service together; but our longest 
and closest association was as co-members of the Com- 
mittee on Appropriations, covering a period of 15 years. 
There it was especially noticeable that the successive 
chairmen and members alike had the greatest respect for 
Senator Gallinger's sound judgment and keen common 
sense regarding matters of legislation — partially inherent 
and partially acquired by long experience and strict at- 
tention to his public duties. He could always be relied 
upon as a sort of anchor when either parsimony or ex- 

115000^—19— — 2 [17] 



Memorial Addresses : Senator Gaij.ixger 

travagance threatened to upset things somewhat for the 
time being. 

His long service as member, and for many years as 
chairman, of the Committee on the District of Columbia 
enabled him to contribute to the Appropriations Commit- 
tee assistance of inestimable value in connection with the 
ofttimes difficult matters that surround District appro- 
priations. Incidentally, his fairness in dealing with Dis- 
trict matters, his willingness to give all factions respectful 
hearing in cases of dispute, endeared him to the hearts of 
all District residents who are interested in the legislative 
and administrative affairs of tliis city. 

While attending strictly to his duties as a legislator, our 
good friend who has gone beyond did not lose interest in 
his earlier profession of medicine and surgei-y. His older 
friends habitually addressed him as " Doctor Gallinger "; 
hospitals were aided by him and named for him; and my 
belief is that he took great pride in the title and pro- 
fession. 

For many years I have known in what high esteem 
Senator Gallinger has been held by all those in the hum- 
bler walks of life who have had occasion to consult him 
about their business and personal affairs. Their verdict 
has been universal regarding his never-failing kindliness 
and generosity. 

Indeed, we shall never know a kindlier man and 
friend — and when we speak of him as a consistent, loyal 
friend, which he was, we give him the highest title we can 
possibly bestow. 

Fast as the rolling seasons bring 

The hour of fate to those we love, 
Each pearl that leaves the broken string 

Is set in Friendship's crown above. 
As narrower grows the earthly chain, 

The circle widens in the sky; 
These are our treasures that remain, 

But those are stars that beam on high. 

[18] 



Address of Mr. Smith, of Georgia 

Mr. President: I wish to speak of Senator Gallinger 
just as I saw him and knew him and miss him in this 
Chamber. I have known and closely observed him here 
for seven years. At first. Senator Gallinger was the 
leader of his party in the majority, and for the last six 
years he was still the leader of his party wliile it was in 
the minority. During the entire time he was earnest, 
watchful, and vigilant. No Senator was more constant in 
attendance or readier to handle any question which came 
before the Senate. He was master of the Senate rules 
of procedure and a stickler for their observance. Wliile 
an intense believer in his party, he was broadly patriotic, 
and no one could fairly watch his course without knowing 
that his great purpose was to serve his country. 

He spoke without display, but with perfect clearness 
and persuasive logic, and he rarely failed to win the Sen- 
ate for the side he advocated. His line of thought always 
showed a purpose to build up and not to pull down. He 
preferred to praise, not to criticize. He believed in his 
country; he had confidence in our institutions; he loved 
his fellow countrymen; he loved to see the best side of 
everything and everybody. He was an optimist, full of 
hope and confidence, though anxiously thoughtful of the 
future. He was kind and gentle and courteous. It was a 
pleasure to be with him. 

Senator Gallinger was among the foremost of his asso- 
ciates in his work and in their esteem. We cherish his 
memory. There is much in his record that we may emu- 
late, and not the least his devotion to the Senate and to 
its constitutional responsibilities, for the disregard or 
neglect of which he deeply grieved. 

[19] 



Address of Mr. Nelson, of Minnesota 

Mr. President: I first became acquainted with Senator 
Gallinger in 1885, and was associated witli him in the 
House of Representatives in the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth 
Congresses, of whicli we were both Members. Our ac- 
quaintance ripened into a close friendship, which con- 
tinued to the day of his death. Neither of us could at that 
time foresee what tlie future had in store for us or that we 
would be associates in the United States Senate for nearly 
24 years. 

On this occasion I can only undertake to give a brief 
outline of his noble career and great energy and activity 
in the public service. He was born on Canadian soil and 
of German ancestry on the father's side, but in his later 
childhood or early youth he came to the United States to 
remain with us the rest of his days. He was not born in 
the lap of luxuiy, and his early days were those of 
struggle, work, and hardship. He, however, managed to 
acquire a good academic education, meanwhile woi'king 
for a short time at the trade of a printer. 

Shortly afer completing his career at the academy he 
took up the study of medicine and surgerj' at the Cincin- 
nati Medical Institute, from which he graduated in his 
twentj'-second jear. Shortly after this he settled at Con- 
cord, N. H., which became his permanent home, and en- 
tered upon the practice of medicine and surgerj', in which 
he was vei-y successful. 

A broader and more enchanting field of activity and 
usefulness, however, soon attracted his attention and 
aspirations. By his own inclination, and at the instance 
of his fellow citizens, he entered the political arena and 

[20] 



Address of Mr. Nelson, of Minnesota 

was elected to the State legislature in 1871. He served for 
several years in both the house and the senate, and during 
a part of the time was presiding officer of the senate. 

After the expiration of his service in the State senate 
he was in 1884 elected a Member of the House of Rep- 
resentatives in the Congress of the United States, and 
reelected in 1886. In 1888 he declined reelection. He 
entered the House as an experienced and well-equipped 
legislator and soon took an active part and became promi- 
nent in the proceedings of that body. He was a good de- 
bater and an active and energetic committee member, 
and kept good track of the diversified field of legislation. 
Had he remained longer a Member of the House, he would 
undoubtedly have soon taken a front rank and become 
one of the leaders of that body — a leadership that does 
not come through favor, but through real worth, ability, 
and fitness. 

On March 4, 1891, he entered the Senate as an experi- 
enced and trained legislator, well versed in public afTairs; 
and he continued as a Member of this body until the day 
of his death, August 17, 1918, when he passed away peace- 
fully near his home in the State he had so long faithfully 
served, in the eighty-second year of his age, after a 
service of more than 27 years in the Senate. 

Those who are familiar with the work of the Senate 
know that Senators, so far as their activity as legislators 
is concerned, may well be grouped into three classes, 
namely: those who seldom attend committee meetings 
and give little attention to the routine work of the Senate, 
but who participate in the debates and frequently, on oc- 
casion, deliver eloquent and instructive speeches on pub- 
lic questions; then there is another class, who are faith- 
ful attendants of the meetings of the committees of which 
they are members and do much hard and quiet work in 
formulating legislative measures, but who take little or 

[21] 



Memori.'VL Addresses: Senator Gallinger 



no part in the debates and seldom deliver any set 
speeches; and there is also a third class, who are active 
and energetic in committee work, give constant attention 
to the proceedings in the Senate, and actively participate 
in the debates, rather for elucidation and instruction than 
for display of mere eloquence. 

Senator Gallinger belonged to this third class. He was 
a most active, energetic, and industrious committee mem- 
ber, constant in attendance and persistent in work. I, as 
an associate of liis for many years on one of the important 
committees of the Senate, bear witness at first-hand to 
this fact. He was not only faithful in his committee work, 
but he was also a faithful attendant of the sessions of the 
Senate and kept a close watch of, and was in constant 
touch with, all important measures on the calendar. 

But, beside all this, he was a most excellent, ready, 
keen, and instructive debater, who always elucidated and 
made clear the subject to which he addressed himself. 
His aim was to help — to shed light rather than darkness. 
He was always earnest and sincere, and this served to add 
force to his remarks. He was decided and clear and 
never equivocating or misleading. The public welfare as 
he saw it — and as a rule he always saw it aright — was his 
constant aim and lodestar. It was the compass that 
guided him through his manifold and diversified ac- 
tivities. 

He was an ardent protectionist, who never faltered or 
equivocated. To him it seemed one of the chief main- 
springs of our industrial life; and he was as ready to aid 
the farmer, the lumberman, and the miner of the great 
West as the manufacturer of New England. His shield of 
protection was country wide, and wherever needed he 
stood ready to invoke it. 

He labored ardently and long, in season and out of 
season, to rehabilitate, build up, and enlarge our weak 

[22] 



Address of Mr. Nelson, of Minnesota 

and feeble merchant marine, and had his plan been 
adopted by Congress when proposed our country would at 
the outbreak of the great war at least have had some ship- 
ping which it could call its own and would not have been 
entirely at the mercy of other countries. We might have 
had some swift ocean carriers of our own to carry our 
troops and supplies to Europe. The subsidies he pi'o- 
posed, which were then so vigorously opposed, seem 
picayunish and Lilliputian when compared with what has 
so lavishly been expended under the direction of the Ship- 
ping Board during the last two years. Millions have now 
been expended in lieu of the dollars his plan involved, 
and we should have had a superior class of ships, too, 
under his plan. 

He took a deep active interest in developing, enlarging, 
and beautifying the city of Washington. It was his am- 
bition that the Capital of our Nation should rank and hold 
its place among the finest and best of all the world. 

His activity, however, was not confined to the specific 
subjects to which I have referred, though these engrossed 
much of his time. He paid strict attention to the general 
course of legislation. All important matters of legislation 
had his watchful care and attention, and he was never 
at a loss in debating and discussing such measures. Some 
Senators are content to devote most of their attention to 
a single subject of importance, but he, while he had his 
specialties, was not anchored to these exclusively. He 
took in and devoted his attention to the entire range of 
pending measures. He was always on the lookout for 
what he conceived to be mischievous and dangerous meas- 
ures, and for these he had no mercy and never hesitated 
to impale them or to point out their dangerous character. 

Like many of us, he had at times his trials to contend 
with. His early life was a time of struggle and trial, but 
his trials seemed only to increase his zest for work and 

[23] 



Memorial Addresses : Senator Gallinger 

never ruffled the equanimity of his temper. He was a 
royal friend and a genial companion — kind, considerate, 
and lielpful to his associates. 

After more than 45 years in the public service, he died 
comparatively a poor man, but with an untarnishable 
record and with the love of the people he had so long 
served. His epitaph will not be like that of some of our 
modern millionaires, whose record in brief is this: 

He was born poor, but by hard work and rigid economy he 
accumulated several millions. A small portion of this he gave to 
charity; the balance all went to his family. 

A barren life such as this — barren in all but the devo- 
tion to Mammon — was not the life of Senator Gallinger, 
and fortunatelj^ it is not the life, as a rule, of our public 
men. New Hampshire has had many great Senators in 
this body, but I doubt whether she has had a more useful 
one than Senator Gallinger. 



[24] 



Address of Mr. Smoot, of Utah 

Mr. President: In the death of the late Senator Jacod 
H. Gallinger New Hampshire lost her foremost and best 
beloved citizen and the country one of its safest and most 
esteemed statesmen. He was honest and brave, learned 
and sagacious, true and patriotic, and his death leaves a 
vacancy in the Senate which can hardly be filled. He will 
be missed more and more as the years go by. He was a 
perfect gentleman; a man of constructive ability, of the 
strictest integrity and unquestioned honor. He was a 
lover of justice, a fair opponent. He was courteous al- 
ways in his treatment of those who differed with him. 
So great has been the implicit confidence of the people of 
New Hampshire in his wisdom and judgment, so pro- 
found was their admiration for his statesmanship, so 
loyal for his blameless character, that they elected liim 
to represent them in the House of Representatives for 
two terms and elected him as their Senator for a continu- 
ous service of 30 years. 

Senator Gallinger was a man of wonderful perspective, 
and his mental horizon was not limited by local condi- 
tions or partisan convictions. He took a deep interest in 
everything that benefited the whole counti'y, and he 
watched with pride and satisfaction its progress, its 
achievements, its successes, its industrial and educational 
advancement. He believed in law and order, and was 
ever the defender and often the author of legislation the 
object of which was to make the people of this country 
happy, contented, and prosperous. 

When Senator Gallinger left the Senate for his home 
in New Hampshire a short time before the close of the 
last session of Congress 1 felt that he never would return. 

L25] 



Memorlvl Addresses: Senator Gallinger 

He was a sick man at the time, and he knew it; but his 
indomitable will would not allow him to tliink so, or that 
his death was near. He expressed the opinion to me that 
a short rest on his farm in New Hampshire would be the 
means of his securing the needed rest. The announce- 
ment of his death was no surprise to me. He was my 
friend, and my association with him constitutes one of the 
most pleasant features of my public life. He enjoyed 
the confidence and esteem of the Members of the Senate 
irrespective of political affiliation. In debate he was 
always frank, cordial, and courteous. He was simple and 
direct in thought and action. He was truthful and en- 
tirely free from that moral cowardice which breeds de- 
ception. Some Senators realize, but few outside the Sen- 
ate fully appreciate, how great a service he rendered the 
Nation. 

Senator Gallinger was always a sterling defender of 
any cause which he espoused, never thinking whether its 
advocacy would inure to his personal advantage or not. 
He was modest and unassuming, as everj' Senator will 
testify. He sought in his legislative career to check illegal 
and extravagant expenditures, and to reduce taxation, to 
encourage manufacture, and the building of an American 
merchant marine. 

I know there have come to our departed friend times 
of disappointment, times of discouragement, and times 
when he would have given the richest things he possessed 
to have received the assurance of the appreciation of his 
fellow men that has been expressed so freely here to-day. 
There may be erected to his memory monuments of mar- 
ble. In this way his name may be kept fresh in the mem- 
orj' of the few. But the statements made to-day tell, as 
cold stones can never tell, of the things for which he 
was honored, respected, and loved, and which made him 
great in the estimation of all who knew him. The reward 



26] 



Address of Mr. Smoot, of Utah 



of one's fellow men is a reward that must be earned, and 
happy, indeed, is he who gains it; and few there are who 
gain it in the degree and the measure so universal and 
with so many people as did the late Senator Gallinger. 

In halls of State he stood for many years 

Like fabled Knight his visage all aglow, 

Receiving, giving, sternly, blow for blow. 

Champion for right! But from Eternity's far shore 

Thy spirit will return to join the strife no more. 

Rest, citizen, statesman, rest, thy troubled life is o'er. 

Mr. President, if we could but force our vision through 
the thin veil that separates this life from the greater life 
beyond we would not look upon death with that degree 
of dread which is so common to mankind. To me death 
is but the passing from our present existence to a more 
perfect and active one. What a fortunate thing it would 
be if our lives were such that with the cable of hope inter- 
twined with faith and charity, we could, with properly 
attuned ears, receive from the Master now and then the 
message we are all striving for, " All is well." 

The Vice President. The Chair is informed that the 
Senator from Arizona [Mr. Smith], who is next on the 
list of speakers, is confined to his room by illness. 



[27] 



Address of Mr. Weeks, of Massachusetts 

Mr. President: Other Senators have given or will give 
the salient facts relating to the long and distinguished 
career of Senator G,\llinger, and I shall not duplicate that 
general statement; but 1 can not refrain from taking a 
brief part in the services on thi^ occasion. 

Senator Gallinger represented my native State in Con- 
gress for more than twice as many j'ears as any other 
man in the history of New Hampshire. That long service, 
and the fact that our views very largely coincided on 
public questions, brought me into close relationship with 
him and gave me an insight into his practices and policies 
perhaps as great as that of other Senators who have 
served with him for more years. 

Senator Gallinger was a strong party man — a political 
course which, in my judgment, is the soundest from every 
standpoint of good government. He recognized that this 
Government is best conducted only when there are two 
strong and nearly evenly divided political parties, and 
that any variation from that policj' tends toward per- 
sonal or individual government. Personal or individual 
government lessens stability and destroys that responsi- 
bility' which can only exist with organization. It is true 
that men who believed as he did and as I do in such fun- 
damental matters very frequently find themselves in the 
position of not approving in all details what their own 
partj' for the moment may advocate; and yet they realize, 
as he did with great broadness and saneness, the desira- 
bility of concerted and consistent political action. 

Senator Gallinger was a most industrious man up to 
the day of his final sickness. Very few men in the Senate 
gave more detailed attention to the duties of their work 

[28] 



Address of Mr. Weeks, of Massachusetts 



than he. The records of Congress will show that up to 
July 1, 1918, there were few important questions before 
the Senate which he did not debate with intelligence, and 
his thorough knowledge of the questions of the day always 
commanded the respect and admiration of his colleagues. 
He had an expert knowledge of many of the great public 
questions affecting the welfare of our Nation equaled by 
but few legislators in recent years. No man had a clearer 
conception of a protective tariff or was of firmer belief 
in that doctrine than Senator Gallinger. He was one of 
its most earnest and effective advocates for many years, 
and his faith in the value of that policy never weakened. 

No man in Congress had a more intimate knowledge of 
the requirements of our country in relation to a merchant 
marine. He discussed that question many times, covering 
the entire ground with such thoroughness that it is diffi- 
cult to add to the arguments he made in favor of a mer- 
chant-marine subsidy. 

His knowledge of naval affairs and his hearty advocacy 
of an effective navy was well known, and Senator Gallin- 
ger was a potent influence in bringing that arm of our 
military service to the high standard of efTiciency which 
enabled it to make possible its great record in the recent 
war with Germany. 

These are but a few examples of his broad knowledge 
and thorough equipment as a Senator. Most men who 
have passed the threescore-and-ten mark have lessened 
their activities, either for physical or other reasons. 
There was no failure on the part of Senator Gallinger to 
continue his active interest and participation in public 
affairs long after that period. Indeed, his mental and 
physical faculties were available until the end. 

His was a most friendly, wholesome, and cordial char- 
acter, helpful to others, genial in his personal relation- 
sliips, and particularly generous in his attitude toward 

[29] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator Gallinger 

his fellow men. I can bear witness to these admirable 
qualities, for from the day I came into the Senate he took 
an interest in me which was both fatherly and brotherly 
and which aided me materially in my efforts to become a 
relatively useful Member of this body. 

No State in the Union has been represented in Congress 
with greater devotion than was New Hampshire by Sena- 
tor Gallinger dui-ing his long service. He was jealous of 
everything pertaining to the welfare of his State; and 
although his service in Congress made him well known 
to everyone in New Hampshire I do not believe the peo- 
ple he served so faithfully and well can quite appreciate 
the keen personal interest he took in them and their 
affairs. 

It is frequently said in a somewhat perfunctory way 
that this man or that man can not be well spared from 
the public service. Those of us who have served in Wash- 
ington for many years know that the average man — in 
fact, substantially all men — although they may have been 
useful and even brilliant legislators, drop out without so 
much as causing a ripple on the surface of congressional 
life. That is not true, however, of Senator Gallinger. 
He was the admired and trusted leader of his party, and 
those younger in service and younger in years had long 
trusted that leadership and depended on his sound ad- 
vice and calm judgment. 

I can not express how strongly I regret his passing, not 
only from my own personal, but the public standpoint. 
If ever a man earned the reward " Well done, thou good 
and faithful sei-vant," Senator Gallinger did; and I am 
sure that sentence expresses the sentiments of his asso- 
ciates in the Senate, all those who knew him and those 
represented by him. 



[30] 



Address of Mr. Thomas, of Colorado 

Mr. President: For some time before I became a Mem- 
ber of the Senate my sentiment toward Senator Gallinger 
was distinctly antagonistic. I had met him casually some 
19 years ago. The basis for the feeling which I enter- 
tained was the occasional appearance of public criticisms 
reflecting upon his public service, the principles upon 
which he acted, and the views he entertained upon prime 
matters of public concern. To me they were the antithesis 
of everything which I professed and which seemed essen- 
tial to the ordered and healthy progress of the Nation. 
In this mental attitude I entered the Senate Chamber. 

Senator Gallinger was the Presiding Officer of the Sen- 
ate at that time. He administered the oath of otTicc to 
me, and on that afternoon he called upon me in the offices 
which had been assigned to me in the building across the 
way. He spent some half or three-quarters of an hour in 
exchange of personal reminiscences and courtesies, dur- 
ing the visit giving me much valuable information regard- 
ing the details of a Senator's life, for which I felt and ex- 
pressed my sense of appreciation. Upon parting he ex- 
pressed his gratification that I had become one of his col- 
leagues and desired me to call upon him at any time he 
could be of service. To say that my feeling of mistrust 
was dissipated by this kindly interest in my behalf is but 
to feebly express the entire change of sentiment which 
his kindly and genial companionship impelled. 

I took occasion shortly afterwards to express to him my 
regret that I had formed a hasty judgment of his charac- 
ter and standing, upon secondary evidence which my ex- 
perience at the bar should have warned me against, and 
to express the hope that our relations as long as we were 

[31] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator Gai.linger 

here together should be as kindly and as cordial as they 
had begun; and they were, Mr. President, from that hour 
to the hour of his death, those of a close, congenial, and 
affectionate friendship. 

Senator Gallinger stood for many things which I did not 
approve, and I stood for many things which he could not 
approve; and it is the close and intimate contact with men 
like Senator Gallinger that induces, or should induce, 
men to modify their judgments of each other and also 
their convictions of the soundness of their own views; 
for, after all, however sincere our sentiments and con- 
victions, it is human to err, and imperfection is character- 
istic of all judgments. 

Senator Gallinger was a conservative statesman. He 
had that rarest of virtues in these days — a moral courage 
which made it impossible for him to be neutral upon any 
position and impelled him to inform the world of Ms 
sentiments upon cverj' question confronting him in his 
capacity as a United States Senator; yet, mingled with his 
conservatism were elements of a progressive nature that 
were in decided contrast to his general views. The Sena- 
tor from New Hampshire [Mr. Hollis], his former col- 
league, has directed attention to his championship of the 
two gi'eat liberal issues of prohibition and woman suf- 
frage. He was as earnest and constant in his devotion to 
these as in his advocacy of or opposition to evcr^' proposi- 
tion which his judgment commended or condemned. It 
is not an unusual contrast, Mr. President, but in a man of 
such sterling integrity of conviction it does afford some 
basis for speculation that views wliich seem so diametri- 
cally opposed to each other should have found in him a 
common champion. 

Senator Gallinger combined with his sturdiness of con- 
viction, his practice of participating in every important 
discussion as an ardent and vigorous contestant, all the 

[32] 



Address of Mr. Thomas, of Colorado 



sterling qualities of a true and perfect gentleman. We 
have had, during the six years that I have been a Member 
of the Senate, a number of sharply controverted issues 
and discussions, generating much heated debate and occa- 
sionally disturbing the serenity of our proceedings, but 
he was alwaj^s considerate of his colleagues and mindful 
of the limitations of debate. 

As his party's leader he bore himself courageously and 
well, yet I can recall the utterance of not a single sen- 
tence, not a single reflection, that left in the mind and 
heart of any associate a moment's bitterness or pain. 
That, Mr. President, was the distinguishing characteristic 
of Senator Galunger; his abilitj' to participate in most 
earnest and strenuous discussion at all times consistent 
with the highest courtesy. These elements rarely blend 
together at all tiines. When they do they should com- 
mand, as they always must, the instinctive and enduring 
tribute of affection and of friendship. 

Senator Gallinger served his country for many years, 
and at the ripe age of 81 passed from this sphere of use- 
fulness into a well-earned eternal rest. I trust, Mr. Presi- 
dent, that those who survive us may be inspired with the 
same sentiments of regret and affection for us when we, 
" like streaks of morning cloud, shall have melted into 
the infinite azure of the past." 



115066»— 10 3 [33] 



Address of Mr. Moses, of New Hampshire 

Mr. President: Others, from the standpoint of their 
association with him here, have spoken, and properly, of 
Senator Gallinger as a figure in the life of the Nation; 
of his long service in this Chamher; of the part that he 
played for so many years in shaping the legislation of the 
country; of his work in forming the policies of his partj'; 
and, through that party's long-continued dominance and 
his own preeminent position in it, of his share in making 
the political history of the United States during the past 
generation. I may not claim the privilege of speaking of 
him thus. My knowledge of his public life was taken in 
perspective, because the hopes which I had had and 
which he, in some measure, I am sure, shai'ed with me, 
of sitting here as his colleague, never came to fruition. 
And, Mr. President, it is perhaps not out of place that I 
should add that I feel myself humbled as I think of my- 
self as his successor. 

I was a lad when I first knew Senator Gallinger, and 
he had not yet come to his later national fame. He was 
a physician of merited repute, and such leisure as his 
busy professional life afforded was spent upon the old 
estate in the historic town of Salisbury — the home of the 
Websters — in the ample and hospitable old house to 
which he turned so longingly in his last stricken days and 
from which he went the week before his death. My father 
was a preacher in the neighboring town of Franklin, and 
on Sunday afternoons he ministered to the diminishing 
flock which still clung to the ancient temple of colonial 
faith among the Salisbury hills. As a boy I used to drive 



[34] 



Address of Mr. Moses, of New Hampshire 

there with liim as he went to carry his message, and there 
I first met Senator Gallinger, whose magnetic personality 
made an impression upon my youthful mind which later 
association strengthened and confirmed. From then to 
the day of his death I was privileged to know him; for 
the last quarter century of his life to know him intimately; 
to he associated witli him in such of his public affairs 
as related to the State of New Hampshire, or which had 
their theater of action there; to receive from him con- 
fidences such as I have heen vain enough to think he gave 
to few, if any, others; to he with him in times of trial; 
to share with him his many moments of triumph; to 
stand heside him in seasons of his grief; and to off"er to 
him all that an ardent and affectionate discipleship could 
give to a leader. 

In consequence, Mr. President, I shall seek to speak of 
Senator Gallinger to-day, not as a public man, not as a 
legislator, not as leader of his party in this Chamber and 
elsewhere, but as a friend. 

Nevertheless, it is impossible to view Senator Gallin- 
ger's life in any aspect without taking into the account 
his public career — which covered nearly half of all his 
years and which occupied the greater part of the long 
span from the day of his majority to the day of his death. 

When I first knew the Senator he was at the very be- 
ginning of his national career. He had served with such 
distinction in the lower house of the New Hampshire 
Legislature as to merit his promotion to the State senate, 
where he was made president of that body. He had con- 
ducted successfully, in behalf of a friend, the most pro- 
longed and most bitterly contested struggle for a nomina- 
tion to the governorship which our party in New Hamp- 
shire had ever known; and he had followed that task 
with equally successful leadership in the election cam- 
paign, where, as chairman of the Republican State com- 

[35] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator G.\llinger 

mittee, he wrested victory almost from the jaws of de- 
feat. This achievement had clearly marked him out for 
further advancement in public life; and he was then in 
the midst of his first campaign for nomination to Con- 
gress — a canvass in which he was confronted by one 
of the most adroit and resourceful of New Hampshire 
Republicans, who was supported almost unanimously by 
the legal profession, to which he belonged, and who, by 
tactical considerations and by capable service for the 
party and in office, seemed inevitably destined to win. In 
that canvass Senator Gallinger's skill as a political 
manager was displayed, 1 have often thought, as never 
before nor since; and following his nomination he again 
took the chairmanship of the State committee and carried 
himself and his whole ticket through to victory. 

He entered Congress with the first Cleveland adminis- 
tration. His party was in the minority, but he took his 
place with the constitutional opposition which our politi- 
cal system provides, and his genius for leadership found 
immediate opportunity' for expression. He took a promi- 
nent part in debate, and his vigorous speeches found wide 
distribution as campaign documents. His second nomi- 
nation to the House of Representatives came to him with- 
out opposition; and again in the chairmanship of the 
State committee he had the honor of carrying his party 
to victon' in the election. The impression which he had 
made during his first term was heightened by the activi- 
ties of his second to such an extent that a serious move- 
ment arose in New Hampshire to overthrow the then 
existing doctrine of rotation in Congress, which limited , 
our Members of Congress to two terms, and to give to him 
a third nomination by acclamation. Committed, as he 
felt himself to be, to the existing order, he checked this 
movement and announced his candidacy for the United 
States Senate. 

[36] 



Address of Mr. Moses, of New Hampshire 

That canvass marked the only defeat which Senator 
Gallinger's political career has known. His opponent's 
triumph in the legislative caucus was of such proportions 
that many observers believed that Senator Gallinger's 
political life was ended. But their judgment was formu- 
lated without knowledge of the man. He at once an- 
nounced his candidacy for the senatorial seat to become 
vacant two years hence; and, freed from the restraints 
of office and beginning the effort — never wholly accom- 
plished — of shaking himself free from the demands of his 
professional occupation, he devoted himself to organizing 
for the contest which lay ahead of him. Against him 
were arrayed the sitting Senator, one of the most popular 
of our ex-governors, and others of lesser consequence 
in the political field. Around Senator Gallinger were 
gathered the friends whom he had made in public and 
private life, and dominating the whole of his canvass was 
his own inspiring and forceful leadership. He won the 
nomination and the election followed in due course. 

His early days in this Chamber were affected by differ- 
ences with his colleagues, which arose out of the intensity 
with which the Senator's first campaign for the Senate 
had been conducted. The result, I am sure, was a period 
of stress for both of them, and I know that the reconcilia- 
tion which was later effected brought equal satisfaction 
to the two Senators and to their host of friends in New 
Hampshire. 

Following Mr. Chandler's retirement from the Senate, 
Senator Gallinger's supremacy in New Hampshire be- 
came unquestioned. Two reelections came to him by 
unanimity and another was won by a secure margin. 
This contest was the Senator's sunset campaign. He was 
in his seventy-eighth year; he was running for the first 
time in a primary and in a popular election of a Senator; 
he was seeking a fifth term; and it was at a time, within 

[37] 



Memorial Addhesses: Senator (Iallinger 

easy recollection, of the Republican division of two years 
before. His opponent was young, but no younger in 
spirit than his antagonist; his opponent was active in the 
canvass, but no more so than his seasoned opponent; his 
opponent was vigorous and plausible on the stump, but 
he was unable to match the reasoned arguments of the 
Old Man Eloquent. 

Tliis campaign, Mr. President, brought Senator Gallin- 
ger to new relations with his people, or, to speak more 
accurately, into renewed relations with them, such as he 
had not sustained since his second campaign for Congress 
nearly 30 years before. And it became immediately evi- 
dent that neither his powers nor his charm had dimin- 
ished. In that canvass, Mr. President, I was privileged to 
speak with Senator Gallinger more frequently than anj- 
other of his coadjutors in the campaign, and as we rode, 
each day and night, from place to place, I think I found 
a deeper insight into liis character than I had before pos- 
sessed. 

His alert mind was keen to seize upon each detail of 
the trj'ing canvass; his marvelous memory proved an in- 
exhaustible storehouse of opportune citation when con- 
fronted with what otherwise might have been a trouble- 
some problem; his unfailing good humor was proof 
against all annoyances and was no inconsiderable factor 
in smoothing out the rough places in the journey to suc- 
cess. And when the victory had been won his great heart 
not only awarded to each who had assisted him his 
merited portion of praise but, with characteristic magna- 
nimity, it shut out the memory of the injuries which had 
been sought against him. 

He began his last term here with fond expectation of 
following it to its allotted end. But its cares burdened 
his strength. He was unremitting always in his attend- 
ance here, and his tireless industry never flagged. His 



[38] 



Address of Mr. Moses, of New Hampshire 



serenity of spirit was rarely disturbed to outward appear- 
ance, but it was evident that he was greatly perplexed by 
the national problems which the war had brought. Twice 
within his last year he came face to face with death; and 
it was only his iron constitution, preserved by his clean 
life, that enabled him to come from his chamber of con- 
valescence to the Capitol in order to vote for the declara- 
tion of war and to take up liis work as a Senator in a war 
Congress. 

How well he did that work has been attested here to- 
day by those who saw it. How reluctantly he laid it down, 
I can testify, for I saw him on the day before he left 
Washington for the last time, and his mind, though look- 
ing forward to the healing days which he hoped to pass in 
the New Hampshii-e hills, nevertheless looked beyond 
them to the days of restored strength, when he would be 
back here again at the tasks which he knew so well and 
performed so perfectly. But it was not to be. His sturdy 
figure belied the weakness which his prolonged and ex- 
cessive devotion to duty had brought upon him, and he 
left this Chamber, the scene of his labors, and this city, 
where there arise on every hand so many evidences of his 
forethought and tastes, never to return. And I venture 
to believe, Mr. President, that nowhere outside of his own 
State of New Hampshire will there be found those who 
will mourn Senator Gallinger more sincerely than in the 
city of Washington, whose people knew him for years as 
the painstaking and alert chairman of the Senate Commit- 
tee on the District of Columbia. 

Turning to contemplate Senator Gallinger in the 
friendly relationship which I am pleased to tliink so long 
subsisted between him and me, words elude me as I try 
to express how much my association with him has meant 
to me, and how much his death means to me now. De- 
prived of the further benefit of his companionship and 

[39] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator Gallinger 

inspiration in the flesh, I still love to believe that I retain 
my connection with him in the spirit and that my recol- 
lection of him will in some measure aflford to me the 
counsel which I never sought of him in vain. 

In his last jears, Mr. President, Senator Gallingeb 
drank deeply of the waters of bitterness. His younger 
daughter was taken from him in the days when her 
charming matronhood gave promise of happy years to 
come; the wife of his youth, who had shared with him 
so many of the years of his distinction, died, instantly, 
at his side; his oldest son fell dead just as he and his 
father were returning from a happy journey abroad; and 
his last-born, in whom centered great hopes for the con- 
tinuance of the Gallinger name in the profession which 
the father had so adorned, was tragically taken away. A 
less robust spirit would have been crushed by all this. 
There were left to him, however, the sweet solace of filial 
affection from his surviving daughter and the care of a 
devoted sister, and to these were added the heightened 
solicitude of the friends who were now bound to him by 
stronger bonds than ever. His own serene Christian 
spirit was no small factor in making the close of his life 
calm and beautiful; and he died in the fullness of years 
and of honors, and all that we say here to-day will be 
reechoed in the hearts of the thousands who knew and 
loved him. 

At the risk, Mr. President, of running counter to the 
opinions which some have expressed here to-day, I ven- 
ture to say that Senator Gallinger did not die as he had 
wished. In spite of his advanced jears, he had reason to 
think, because of his heredity, that his life still would ex- 
tend no inconsiderable span. And I know from his own 
lips that he had looked forward to a time when he could 
lay down the responsibilities of the Senatorship and take 
his place in retirement as an elder statesman, viewing 

[40] 



Address of Mr. Moses, of New Hampshire 

and commenting upon the public life of the Nation as the 
years of his experience would warrant. But, Mr. Presi- 
dent, this was not to be. His life was destined to have no 
evening. He went out while it was yet day and with his 
labors yet upon him. He went from his work direct to 
his reward. 

And after all, Mr. President, it was fitting that this 
should be so, and that the old warrior should not have 
laid off his armor. The memory of Senator Gallinger 
inactive would be a strange picture in the minds of those 
who knew him; and his death in the harness preserves to 
us his image as he was — earnest, energetic, industrious, 
and always helpful. 

Senator Gallinger's years were many, but his spirit was 
always young; and it renewed itself with fresh compan- 
ionship as his earlier associates fell by his side in his long 
busy march through life. Around him in New Hampshire 
in his later years had gathered an ardent group of younger 
friends who delighted in both his leadership and his com- 
panionship. To us he was always " The Chief," and we 
hailed him thus with respectful affection. He went from us 
when he was at the height of his years and influence here 
and at the moment when his busy mind was active in 
planning for the hope of his heart so soon to be fulfilled 
in the restoration of his party to power. And so we saw 
him in those last days still as "The Chief." And, Mr. 
President, it is as " The Chief " that we shall ever think 
and ever love to think of him. 

Mr. HoLLis. Mr. President, as a further mark of respect 
to the memory of the deceased Senator, I move that the 
Senate do now adjourn. 

The motion was unanimously agreed to, and (at 1 
o'clock p. m.) the Senate adjourned until to-morrow, 
Monday, January 20, 1919, at 12 o'clock meridian. 



[41] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator G.allinger 

Monday, January 20, 1919. 
A message from the House of Representatives, by D. K. 
Hempstead, its enrolling clerk, transmitted to the Senate 
resolutions of the House on the life, character, and public 
services of Hon. Jacob H. Gallinger, late a Senator from 
the State of New Hampshire. 



[42 



Proceedings in the House of Representatives 

Monday, August 19, 1918. 
The Chaplain, Rev. Henry N. Couden, D. D., offered the 
following prayer: 

Father in Heaven, our life, our light, our strength, our 
courage, our fortitude, our hope, our inspiration, freely 
Thou hast given; may we freely receive of these precious 
gifts and use them to the furtherance of civilization, and 
thus to the honor and glory of Thy Holy Name. 

After a brief respite from labors the Congress of the 
United States has again assembled to take up the arduous 
duties which rest upon it. Let Thy blessing descend upon 
all the Members of this House, its Speaker, and all who 
are connected with it, that with patriotic zeal and re- 
newed fervor they may go forward with the tasks before 
them and prepare the way for a successful prosecution of 
the war in which we are engaged. 

The flags which float upon this Capitol arc again half- 
mast, marking the passing away of another of the con- 
gressional family. 

He will be mourned as a great loss to his country. Wise 
in his conceptions, strong in his convictions, pure in his 
motives, a man of great parts; peace to his ashes and rest 
to his soul. Be with his many friends, colleagues, and 
kinsfolks to comfort and sustain them in this hour of 
grief. 

May we emulate his virtues and hold sacred his mem- 
ory and think of him as faring on, in the realms of the 
great beyond, in the name of Him who died that we 
might live. Amen. 

[43] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator Gallinger 

A message from the Senate, by Mr. Waldorf, its enroll- 
ing clerk, announced that the Senate had passed the fol- 
lowing resolutions: 

Resolved, That the Senate has heard with profound sorrow of 
the death of the Hon. Jacob Harold Gallinger, for 27 years a 
Senator from the State of New Hampshire. 

Resolved, That a committee of 18 Senators be appointed by 
the President pro tempore to take order for superintending the 
funeral of Mr. Gallinger, to be held in the city of Concord, N. H. 

Resolved, That the Secretary communicate a copy of these 
resolutions to the House of Representatives. 

Resolved, That as a further mark of respect to the memory of 
the deceased the Senate do now adjourn. 

And that in compliance with the foregoing resolutions 
the President pro tempore had appointed as said com- 
mittee Mr. Lodge, Mr. Martin, Mr. Nelson, Mr. Penrose, 
Mr. Dillingham, Mr. Simmons, Mr. Overman, Mr. Smoot, 
Mr. Borah, Mr. Bankhead, Mr. Smith of Maryland, Mr. 
Cummins, Mr. Poindexter, Mr. Thomas, Mr. Weeks, Mr. 
HoUis, Mr. Curtis, and Mr. New. 

Mr. Cannon. Mr. Speaker, in the absence of the Repre- 
sentatives froin the State of New Hampshire, I offer the 
following resolutions. 

The Speaker pro tempore. The Clerk will report the 
resolutions. 

The Clerk read as follows: 

Resolved, That the House has heard with profound sorrow of 
the death of the Hon. Jacob Harold Gallinger, a Senator of the 
United States from the State of New Hampshire. 

Resolved, That the Clerk communicate these resolutions to the 
Senate and transmit a copy thereof to the family of the deceased 
Senator. 

Resolved, That a committee of 14 Members be appointed on the 
part of the House to join the committee appointed on the part 
of the Senate to attend the funeral. 

Mr. Cannon. Mr. Speaker, no doubt the Members from 
New Hampshire will at a later date ask the House to set 

[44] 



Proceedings in the House 



aside a day for further testimonial in niemorj^ of the dis- 
tinguished Senator, who was formerly a Member of the 
House of Representatives, who has just died. 

The Speaker pro tempore. The question is on agreeing 
to the resolutions. 

The resolutions were agreed to. 

The Speaker pro tempore. The Clerk will announce the 
names of the members of the committee on the part of 
the House. , 

The Clerk read as follows : 

Mr. Wason, Mr. Burroughs, Mr. Gillett, Mr. Greene of Massachu- 
setts, Mr. Treadway, Mr. Phelan, Mr. Olney, Mr. Greene of Ver- 
mont, Mr. Dale of Vermont, Mr. Gallagher, Mr. Pou, Mr. Garrett 
of Tennessee, Mr. Campbell of Kansas, Mr. Timberlake, and Mr. 
Igoe. 

The Speaker pro tempore. The Clerk will report the 
additional resolution. 

The Clerk read as follows : 

Resolved, That as a further mark of respect the House do now 
adjourn. 

The Speaker pro tempore. The question is on agreeing 
to the resolution. 

The resolution was unanimously agreed to; accordingly 
(at 12 o'clock and 44 minutes p. m.) the House adjourned 
until to-morrow, Tuesday, August 20, 1918, at 12 o'clock 
noon. 

Saturday, December 21, 1918. 

Mr. Burroughs. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent 
that Sunday, January 19, 1919, be set aside for addresses 
on the life, character, and public services of Hon. Jacob H. 
Gallinger, late United States Senator from the State of 
New Hampshire. 

The Speaker. The gentleman from New Hampshire asks 
unanimous consent that Sunday, January 19, be set apart 

[45] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator CiALLixdER 

for ineinorializing Senator Gallinger at the same time 
the gentleman from lUinois [Mr. Sterhng] is memorial- 
ized. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The Chair 
hears none. 

Mr. KiTCHiN. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House do now 
adjourn. 

Sunday, January 19, 1919. 

The House met at 12 o'clock noon and was called to 
order by the Speaker pro tempore [Mr. Cannon]. 

The Chaplain, Rev. Henry N. Couden, D. D., offered the 
following prayer : 

Father in Heaven, we thank Thee that the deeds of man 
are automatically recorded in the tissues of his soul, that 
the final result is the character which he builds for him- 
self. 

Some men work to live, others live to work. The for- 
mer are eye servants. The latter are heroes and work for 
the betterment of mankind, in the community, the State, 
the Nation, the world. Such men are admired, respected, 
and loved by all with whom they come in contact. 

We are here to-day in memory of two who have placed 
themselves on the roll of honor, to record on the pages of 
history their life, character, and public service; that they 
may live as beacon lights to guide us and future genera- 
tions, to emulate their virtues, so that when we pass from 
this life men will rise up and call us blessed. 

They are gone. Their works live. We mourn their 
going, but look forward with bright anticipations to the 
life eternal. Let this comfort us and their dear ones until 
Thou shalt call us to join them in the realms of the larger 
life where peace and happiness shall reign supreme; and 
everlasting praise be Thine, through the world's Great 
Exemplar. Amen. 

The Speaker pro tempore. The Clerk will read the 

Journal. 

[46] 



Proceedings in the House 



Mr. Foss. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that 
the reading of the Journal be dispensed with on this 
occasion. 

The Speaker pro tempore. The gentleman from Illinois 
asks unanimous consent that the reading of the Journal 
be dispensed with. Is there objection? [After a pause.] 
The Chair hears none. 

The Clerk will report the special order for to-day. 

The Clerk read as follows: 

On motion of Mr. Burroughs, by unanimous consent, 
Ordered, That Sunday, January 19, 1919, be set apart for ad- 
dresses upon the life, character, and public services of Hon. 
Jacob H. Gallinger, late a Senator from the State of New Hanip- 
sliire. 

The Speaker pro tempore. The Clerk will report the 
resolution setting aside a time for tributes to the meinor\' 
of Senator Gallinger. 

The Clerk read as follows: 

On motion of Mr. Burroughs, by unanimous consent. 
Ordered, That Sunday, January 19, 1919, be set apart for ad- 
dresses upon the life, character, and public services of Hon. .Iacob 
H. Gallinger, late a Senator from the State of New Hampshire. 

The Speaker pro tempore. The Chair recognizes the 
gentleman from New Hampshire [Mr. Wason]. 

Mr. Wason. Mr. Speaker, I offer the following resolu- 
tion which I send to the Clerk's desk. 

The Speaker pro tempore. The Clerk will report it. 

The Clerk read as follows: 

Resolved, That the business of the House be now suspended, 
that opportunity may be given for tributes to the memory of Hon. 
Jacob H. Gallinger, late a Senator of the United States from the 
State of New Hampshire. 

Resolved, That as a particular mark of respect to the memory 
of the deceased, and in recognition of his distinguislied public 
career, the House, at the conclusion of the exercises of this day, 
shall stand adjourned. 

[47] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator Gallinger 

Resolved, That the Clerk communicate these resolutions to the 
Senate. 

Resolved, That the Clerk send a copy of these resolutions to 
the family of the deceased. 

The Speaker pro tempore. The question is on agreeing 
to the resolutions. 

The question was taken, and the resolutions were 
agreed to. 

The Speaker pro tempore. The gentleman from New 
Hampshire [Mr. Wason] is recognized. 

Mr. Wason. Mr. Speaker, one of my colleagues is very 
anxious to get away, and I will yield the first place to the 
gentleman from Michigan [Mr. Fordney] and follow him. 

The Speaker pro tempore. The gentleman from Michi- 
gan is recognized. 



[48] 



MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 



Address of Mr. Fordney, of Michigan 

Mr. Speaker: There is a world of meaning in that fine 
old Greek world " eulogy " — the speaking of good words 
about a man. For years we see him going about his daily 
duties, performing them with honor to himself and bene- 
fit to those whom he serves. We say little or nothing 
about it, though the consciousness of his presence and his 
work may be in our minds eveiy day. Then there conies 
a time when his place is vacant, and we realize what 
he then was by what he now is not. It is fitting that, be- 
fore we ourselves are gone, we put in enduring words, 
so that as long as ink and paper last men may read, 
our estimate and appreciation of our distinguished fellow 
servant, who, when he died, was the oldest Member in 
service in the Senate. 

Jacob H. Gallinger was one of the adopted sons of this 
Republic, coming to us, like the late Senator McMillan of 
Micliigan, from our sister Commonwealth of Canada. It 
is a curious coincidence that these two great men, who 
have done more than almost any others to beautify this 
city of Washington, were both born in that friendly coun- 
try at our north. Each of them served for many j'ears as 
chairman of the Senate Committee on the District of 
Columbia, and each believed that, as Congress is the spe- 
cial guardian of the District, it should be cared for and 
developed as befits the Capital of the greatest Nation on 
earth. 

Canada has sent many of her sons to the United States. 
Though born under a so-called monarchy, their ideas of 

115066°— 19 4 [49] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator Gallinger 

self-governinent are the same as ours. The majestic for- 
ests and shining lakes of Canada are like those of our own 
Northern States, and the people of both nations breathe 
the same glorious air of liberty, and both have the same 
love and respect for law and order. Our boys and theirs 
have fought side by side in France for the preservation of 
civilization. Boston is as much the metropolis of eastern 
Canada as it is of New England. The pine of Michigan 
was largely cut by the sons of Ontario and New Brunswick 
and Quebec. Thousands of farmers of Iowa and the 
Dakotas have sought homes in the vallej-s of the Saskatch- 
ewan. And the names of James McMillan of Michigan 
and Jacob H. Gallinger of New Hampshire, conspicuous 
on the roll of the United States Senate, are proof, if proof 
were needed, that the frontier between Canada and our 
own countrj' is scarcely more a separation of common 
aims and purposes than are the boundaries between our 
own States. 

The greatest danger that confronts the world at this 
moment is not imperialism, but the horrid irresponsibility 
that sometimes sneaks under the name of the I. W. W., but 
now is sweeping through unhappy Russia and defeated 
Germany under the name of the Bolsheviki. The English- 
speaking race is and will always be the bulwark of the 
world against anarchy in every form; and in the contests 
of the future Canada and the United States will stand 
side by side solidly against all movements that threaten 
the safety of society, as so many of her sons stand 
shoulder to shoulder with us in all the varied interests and 
activities of modern life. 

Others will tell the House of the wonderful versatility 
and industry of Senator Gallinger in the affairs of his 
adopted State and of the Nation and in international 
affairs. He was eminent in his profession, that of medi- 
cine, before a public career claimed his time completelj'. 

[50] 



Address of Mr. Fordney, of Michigan 

To enumerate even the titles of the different public posi- 
tions he held would take too long. 

He was one of the leaders of his State, of his party, and 
of his time. Here in Washington he was known as a man 
who appreciated the needs of the city and recognized 
that it is the Capital of our beloved counti-y, wholly de- 
pendent upon and at the mercy of Congress, therefore to 
be protected and developed and beautified as befits the 
dignity of the great people of whose Government it is the 
official home. It is interesting to see what was the in- 
cident that caused Senator Gallinger to begin to show a 
friendly interest in District of Columbia affairs. During 
his first senatorial term, in 1891, he received a letter from 
the secretary of Harvard College voicing a complaint that"! 
the high schools of the District were not then able to 
prepare students to pass the admission examination to 
Harvard. Senator Gallinger offered a resolution of in- 
quiry concerning the matter, and that was the beginning 
of nearly 30 years of championship of the rights of the 
District. At that time Senator McMillan was chairman 
of the Committee on the District of Columbia, but on his 
death Mr. Galunger was chosen by the Senate for that 
position. 

In 1911 a banquet was given by citizens of the District 
at which Senator Gallinger was the guest of honor, and 
he was there presented with a loving cup by the Cham- 
ber of Commerce; a gold watch and chain from the Board 
of Trade; a basket of American Beauty roses from the 
teachers of the public schools; a silver pitcher from the 
Plate Printers' Union; and a silver desk set from the 
American Civic Association. Among the visible monu- 
ments of liis chairmanship are the gi'cat Washington Ter- 
minal, the filtration plant which gives clear water to tliis 
city, the new sewer system, the District Building, the high- 
way Potomac River Bridge, the beautiful Connecticut 



[51] 



Memorial Addresses : Senator Gallinger 

Avenue Bridge, the Anacostia Bridge, the Massachusetts 
Avenue Bridge, and great developments of the parks and 
schools, among the latter the Business High and McKinley 
Manual Training Schools; and there are even more im- 
portant tangible benefits that are the results of his tire- 
less interest. At that dinner President Taft was one of 
the speakers, and this brief tribute can not be concluded 
better than by a quotation from his remarks on that oc- 
casion. He said : 

Tliere is a class of legislators who favor legislation because of 
the good that it is going to do when it is enforced, and there is 
another class who are in favor of legislation wholly without re- 
gard to what it is going to accomplish as an enforced law, but 
who take an interest simply because of the votes that the advo- 
cacy of the law is going to give them. Now Senator Gallinger 
belongs to the former class. 

They have in New England what tliey call safe men. By that 
they mean men who, from their youth up, feel charged with the 
responsibility of looking out for the community in which they 
live; first the village, then the town, then it may be the county, 
then the State, and finally the Nation. TliQy seem to be able by 
what they do to impress the people with the idea that if they are 
given a public trust they will regard it as a trust for the people,, 
and can themselves be trusted as safe men for the people to put 
in power. Now that is the kind of man that Senator Gallinger 
is, and that is the reason for his hold on the State of New Hamp- 
shire. 

Senator Gallinger started in life as a poor boy, spend- 
ing some time as a typesetter in a printing ofiice. He 
finally obtained an education and then rose to the high 
position occupied so long by him — abundant proof of the 
worth of the man. Those who knew him best loved him 
best. He was courageous; he was honest; he was a true 
gentleman. 

When you have found a man you have found a gentle- 
man. A gentleman is a man who is gentle. Titles, grace- 
ful accomplishments, superior culture, princely wealth, 

[52] 



Address of Mr. Fordney, of Michigan 

great talents, genius, do not constitute a man with suffi- 
cient attributes to make a gentleman. He may be awk- 
ward, angular, homely, or poor, and yet belong to that 
class known as gentleman. His face may be bronzed, his 
hand may be huge and hard, his vest patched, like 
Joseph's coat of many colors, and he may still be a true 
gentleman. The dandy is a dry-goods sign, and not a 
gentleman, for he depends upon dress, and not upon his 
honor and virtue, to carry him into society. The man 
who has no money is poor; he who has nothing but money 
is poorer, and he is not a gentleman. 

A gentleman is careful to have thoughts and sentiments 
worthy of him, as virtue raises the dignity of a man, 
while vice degrades him. True greatness lies in the heart; 
it must be elevated by aspiring to great things. Others 
may attract us through the splendor of some special fac- 
ulty, or the eminence of some special virtue; but in a 
gentleman it is the whole individual we admire and love. 
A true gentleman is one whose nature has been fashioned 
after the highest models. His qualities depend, not upon 
fashion or manners, but upon moral worth — not upon 
personal possessions, but upon personal qualities. 

A true gentleman has a keen sense of honor. His 
standard of probity in word and action is high. He does 
not shuffle or prevaricate, dodge or skulk; but he is 
honest, upright, and straightforward. When he says, Yes, 
it is a law; and he dares to say the valiant. No, at the 
fitting season. A gentleman will not be bribed; only the 
low-minded and unprincipled will sell themselves to 
those who are interested in buying them. 

The poor boy may be a true gentleman — in spirit and 
in daily life. He may be honest, truthful, upright, polite, 
courageous, self-respecting, and self-helping — that is, be 
a true gentleman. Such was Senator Gallinger. 



[53] 



Memorial Addresses : Senator Gallinger 

A man's mental powers must be cultivated. The full 
measure of all the powers necessary to make a man are 
no more character than a handful of seeds is an orchard 
of fruits. Plant the seeds and tend them well, and they 
will make an orchard. Cultivate the powers and har- 
monize them well, and thej' will make a noble character. 
" The germ is not the tree, the acorn is not the oak, 
neither is the mind a character. The mind is the garden, 
the character is the fruit; the mind is the wliite page, the 
character is the writing we put upon it; the mind is the 
shop, the counting room; the character is the profits on 
the trade. Large profits are made from quick sales and 
small percentages; so great character is made from many- 
litUe acts and efforts." A dollar is composed of a thou- 
sand mills; so is a character composed of a thousand 
thoughts and acts. Character is formed by a course of 
actions, and not actions by character. A person can have 
no character before he has had actions. Though an ac- 
tion be ever so glorious in itself, it ought not to pass for 
great if it be not the effect of wisdom and good design. 
Great actions carry their glory with them as the ruby 
wears its colors. Whatever be your condition, keep in 
view the whole of your existence. Senator Gallinger 
was a man of character — a Christian man. He was a 
brave man; he was powerful; he had the courage of his 
convictions and the courage to express them at all times. 

Frail man comes into the world crying, cries on through 
life, and is always seeking after some desired thing which 
he imagines is labeled happiness or is mourning over 
some loss which makes him miserable; a restless mortal 
with an immortal soul, which requires something more 
than earth can give to satisfy its loft>' desires; a soul that 
hails death as a welcome messenger to deliver it from 
its ever-changing, ever-decaying prison house of clay, 
called man, on which time wages a perpetual war, whiten- 

[54] 



Address of Mr. Fordney, of Michigan 

ing his locks, furrowing his cheeks, stealing his ivory, 
paralyzing his muscles, poisoning his blood, battering 
his whole citadel, deranging the whole machinery of his 
life, and wasting his mental powers, until he becomes 
twice a child, and then delivers him over to his last and 
best friend. Death, who breaks the carnal bondage, sets 
the spirit free, opening the door of immortal happiness, 
returning the soul to its own original and glorious home, 
to go no more out forever. 

We at death leave one place to go to another; if godly, 
we depart from our place here on earth and go to our 
place in heaven; we depart from our friends on earth 
and go to our friends in heaven; we depart from the valley 
of tears and go to the mount of joy; we depart from the 
business of life here and go to a heavenly paradise. Who 
would be unwilling to exchange a Sodom for a Zion? 
Who would be unwilling to exchange misery for a haven 
of rest? 

When these hands of ours shall be pulseless and cold 
and motionless as the grave wherein they lie; when the 
damp, dewy vapors shall replace this sensible, warm mo- 
tion, and death shall spread our couch and weave our 
shrouds; when the winding sheet shall be our sole vesture, 
and the close-sealed sepulcher our only home, and we 
shall have no familiar companions, no rejoicing friends, 
let us hope that our souls may recline in the bosom of God. 

Life, we've been long together, 

Through pleasant and cloudy weather; 

'Tis hard to part when friends are dear; 

Perhaps 'twill cost a sigh, a tear; 

Then steal away; give little warning; 

Clioose tliine own time; 

Say not Good night, but in some brighter clime 

Bid us Good morning. 



[55] 



Address of Mr. Kahn, of California 

Mr. Speaker: In the present Congress the Grim Reaper 
has been wielding his scythe with relentless vigor. He 
has been impartial, too, in choosing his victims. Youth 
and old age alike have succumbed to his irresistible 
stroke. 

Among those who have fallen none was more highly 
esteemed by his associates than the lamented Senator 
from New Hampshire, Jacob H. Gallinger. He had served 
his country long and faithfully in the House as well as in 
the Senate. He was one of the old school of statesmen in 
public life. He was a thoroughgoing partisan. But he 
was always impartial and fair and just even in his parti- 
sanship. Above all else, he was a thoroughgoing Ameri- 
can who loved his country with patriotic devotion. He 
did not believe that he was stronger nor better than his 
partj'. To him party creed demanded that all differences 
as to policies should be thrashed out in the partv' council. 
Therein again he showed himself as belonging to the old 
school. He did not believe in that course, so often fol- 
lowed by some latter-day politicians, of fighting his partj' 
associates and denouncing the party organization because 
an overwhelming majority of his associates did not come 
to his way of thinking. He always was ready to compro- 
mise differences within the ranks and in the fold rather 
than engage in party quarrels. He realized that our Gov- 
ernment had grown strong and great by reason of the 
readiness of the leaders of the past to compromise their 
differences. 

He knew that this Government from the first has de- 
veloped as a great Nation because men of patriotism and 
loj^alty and devotion to the cause of the Republic have 
been willing to modify their personal views in order tliat 

[56] 



Address of Mh. Kahn, of California 



all could agree on the policies to be followed for the wel- 
fare of this American Commonwealth. He knew that it 
was thus in the Constitutional Convention that framed 
our histoi'ic fundamental law. He knew that it was thus 
with reference to the location of this veiy Capital, which 
he as chairman of the Senate Cominittee on the District 
of Columbia did so much to improve and beautify. He 
knew that it was thus down the long years of the forma- 
tive period of our counti-y's history. Senator Gallinger 
was loyal to these traditions of the past, and we honor 
him for his sturdy stand on the great quesiions that arose 
during the many years he was a Member of the Senate 
of the United States. 

At the time he entered that historic body there were 
many old customs that mai-ked the relationship between 
Members of the House and the Senate that seem to have 
fallen into innocuous desuetude. It was customary in the 
old days for the Senators to leave their cards upon the 
desks of the Members of the House from their respective 
States on the opening day of the new session. It was 
customary for the Members of the House to call person- 
ally upon the Pi-esident of the United States and the Sen- 
ators from their State as soon as possible after arriving in 
Washington in order to pay their respects. 

It was customary even among the wives of the Members 
of Congress for the new Members' wives to call upon the 
wives of all the Members who had served longer in Con- 
gress than their own husbands, and especially was this 
true with regard to the wives of the Members from one's 
own State. These little social amenities and courtesies 
added something of pleasure to the dull routine of con- 
gressional life here in Washington, but these customs are 
rapidly disappearing. In fact, they had disappeared 
almost entirely in the closing years of Senator Gallinger's 
life. Whether the Capital or the counti-y has gained by 



[57] 



Memorial Addresses : Senator Gallinger 

breaking away from the old forms and traditions I do not 
know, but the fact remains that in the old days Republi- 
cans and Democrats were much more apt to see something 
of each other's social side than they do under present-day 
conditions. 

Senator Gallinger, toward the close of his life, suffered 
many hard blows at the hands of fate. Many of his dear 
ones were removed from him by death. I lived at the 
same hotel as he when some of these blows fell. I know 
how deeply his life was affected by the losses he sustained. 
Bui he toiled, on unceasingly for the welfare of his 
country. 

He participated actively on all the important legisla- 
tion that has been written on the statute books of our 
country in the last quarter of a century. But he was espe- 
cially interested in the rehabilitation of our merchant ma- 
rine. Coming from New Hampshire, he doubtlessly re- 
membered how the enormous fleet of New England clip- 
per ships carried the American flag into almost every im- 
portant port on the seven seas. He remembered how 
they had built up the commerce of the United States in 
the first half of the nineteenth century. Doubtlessly he 
hoped that such a condition might be reestablished under 
wise and helpful legislation enacted by Congress. But, 
alas, his hopes in that direction were doomed to disap- 
pointment. Whether those who are left behind will be 
able to follow his farsighted vision remains to be seen. 

To-day we are met to pay a last tribute of respect to his 
memory. His genial presence is missed by all of his asso- 
ciates in either branch of Congress. Such men as he who 
served their country well and faithfully are always 
missed when they pass to that bourn whence no traveler 
ever returns. In this hour we say from the depths of our 
hearts — good friend, faithful public servant, thorough- 
going American, hail and farewell. 

[58] 



Address of Mr. Wason, of New Hampshire 

Mr. Speaker: It is with soitow that it becomes my duty 
at this time to speak of the life and character of the late 
Senator Gallinger, an honored resident of my congres- 
sional district for more than a half century. Jacob Harold 
Gallinger was born on a farm near Cornwall, Canada, 
March 28, 1837. He was one of 12 children. His parents 
were without financial means. During his early boyhood 
he walked to the log schoolhouse, a mile and a half from 
home, where he was taught to read, write, and do sums in 
arithmetic. At the age of 11 years he was indentured to 
the village editor, and three years later finished his ap- 
prenticeship with him. His wages the first year were $8, 
board, and lodging; the second year he received $24, 
board, and lodging, and the third and last year of his ap- 
prenticeship he received $60, board, and lodging. He was 
then qualified as a journeyman printer. He then went to 
Ogdensburg, N. Y., where he worked as a journeyman 
printer. While employed setting type in the office of the 
St. Lawrence Republican in Ogdensburg he received a 
letter from a cousin, a professor in a medical college in 
Cincinnati, Oliio, advising him to become a doctor. The 
suggestion was accepted. He started for Cincinnati and 
arrived there with $100 in his pocket, which was all of his 
worldly possessions, $60 of which was paid at once for a 
course of medical lectures. He and two other students 
rented two rooms, where they cooked their meals and 
slept. He immediately found employment on the Cincin- 
nati Gazette, first setting type, then reading proof, and 
later reporting shipping news along the river and court 
news over in Covington, Ky. 

[59] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator Gallinger 

Thus the young man worked diligenth^ to earn a liveli- 
hood and pay his way at the medical school. Each day's 
work engaged his attention from 8 o'clock in the mora- 
ing until 12 or 1 o'clock the next morning, attending 
medical lectures and performing his work upon the news- 
paper. 

He graduated with honors from the medical school in 
1858. After that he was abroad two years and pursued 
further the study of medicine and surgery. Returning 
to the United States, he located in Concord, N. H., and 
began the practice of his profession, which he pursued 
in that city and the surrounding country for 23 years. 
His robust physique, which had served him so well during 
his stay in Cincinnati, continued to permit him during the 
years of the active practice of his profession to travel day 
and night making his calls to relieve the suflerings and 
ills of his patients; his patrons and clientele took him 
miles into the country at all times of the day and night. 
I have heard him say that often he had been called oilt 
from his house a half dozen times between supper and 
breakfast, many times for trips into the counti-j-. 

He was soon recogniz'ed as a leader in his profession. 
His skill, his cheei-ful word and manner, and his magnetic 
presence contributed to his personal advantage and made 
friends for him which lasted for life. Dr. Gallinger's 
professional practice was not confined to the territorial 
limits of the city of Concord or the county of Merrimack, 
in which he lived, but extended to people living in towns 
and parishes in bordering States. His reputation and 
standing as a physician and surgeon will be preserved 
in the hearts of the generation that knew him as stead- 
fastly as the granite rock in the mountain side of our 
State. 

While pursuing diligently the practice of his profession, 
which he loved and honored, some of his friends nomi- 

[60] 



Address of Mr. Wason, of New Hampshire 

nated him as a candidate for the office of moderator in 
the fourth ward of the city of Concord; the remuneration 
for that service was $5. He served one term and declined 
a reelection to that distinguished honor. It marked, how- 
ever, the beginning of a political career. Soon after his 
precinct elected him as their representative in the house 
of representatives of the State legislature, and he served 
his precinct well and faithfully in that branch in 1872 
and 1873 and later in 1891. The same precinct elected 
him as its member to the State constitutional convention 
in 1876. Dr. Gallinger's ability and fidelity to service in 
tliis branch of the legislature was particularly noticeable. 
The senatorial district in which he lived elected him a 
member of the State senate in 1878, 1879, and 1880, and 
that body selected him as its presiding officer twice, for 
the years 1879 and 1880. 

During the years 1879 and 1880 Dr. Gallinger held the 
office, by appointment of the governor of New Hamp- 
shire, of surgeon general of the State National Guard, 
with the rank of brigadier general. 

Early in life Senator Gallinger became affiliated with 
the Republican Party; its principles appealed to him. 
The Republican State committee urged him to accept the 
important and onerous position as chairman. He yielded 
to the request, and from 1882 to 1890 performed the 
duties of that office with satisfaction to all. When he re- 
signed many regrets were expressed and his resignation 
was reluctantly accepted. Again, in 1898, the Republican 
State committee appealed to him to accept the chairman- 
ship, and after eight years' absence from that place he ac- 
cepted and continued in that position until 1908, when he 
resigned. In discharging the duties of this office Senator 
Gallinger impressed those who came in contact with him 
with his industry and ability to master details as well as 
broad questions of policj', and his term of service in that 

[61] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator G.allinger 

capacity was successful and longer than any other man 
in the historj' of our party in the State. 

Our people elected him a delegate to represent them 
in the Republican national conventions of 1888, 1900, 1904, 
and 1908, and he was chosen by the delegation as its 
chairman for each of those conventions. Thus it will be 
noted that the people of New Hampshire had unbounded 
confidence in his integrity, his ability, and his adapta- 
bility to represent them in various capacities. 

Such, briefly, are the historical facts that speak 
volumes in behalf of the esteem in which Senator Gal- 
LixGER was held by the Republicans of the Granite State. 
His life was active in doing good for others and closely 
interwoven with the historj' of our State for more than 
half a century. But this is not all; the people of New 
Hampshire recognized that Senator Gallinger's activities 
and ability should not be confined to the local activities 
of the State. In 1884 he was elected a Representative in 
Congress from the second congressional district, and re- 
elected in 1886, and declining a renomination and re- 
election in 1888. Thus, it will be seen from the 4th of 
March, 1885, until the 4th of March, 1889, he was called 
upon to serve his people in a larger and broader sphere 
in the Halls of Congress. During his two terms his serv- 
ices attracted nation-wide attention. After declining a 
reelection, in 1888, to Congi-ess, he intended to.i'eturn to 
the city of Concord and pursue the practice of his pro- 
fession, but it was impossible; men from all parts of the 
State sought his advice on public questions. In 1891 he 
was elected to the United States Senate, his term of 
service beginning March 4; he was reelected in 1897, 1903, 
1909, and in 1914, the latter election being by popular 
vote. He served continuously as Senator from March 4, 
1891, until the 17th day of August, 1918, the date of his 
death; his services as our representative in the House and 

[62] 



Address of Mr. Wason, of New Hampshire 

Senate covering a period of 31 years 5 months and 13 
days, more than a quarter of a century in the highest 
legislative body of our land, being the dean of the Senate 
in point of continuous service. 

A notable characteristic of Senator Galunger was his 
clear vision into the future — I might say, anticipated the 
advent of questions that were to become momentous pub- 
lic issues. To illustrate: He early espoused the cause of 
prohibition; calmly, consistently, and courageously ad- 
vocating the same on all proper occasions; through his 
long public career he never wavered, and had his life 
been prolonged six months he would have seen our coun- 
try adopt his views thereon. 

Many years ago he became an advocate of equal suf- 
frage for women, at a time when he was almost a pioneer 
in that belief; yet he lived to see it one of the great prob- 
lems confronting the American people and the peoples of 
the Old World. When he first espoused the cause in 
favor of these far-reaching principles he displayed cour- 
age that was characteristic of the man. Many of his 
friends felt and advised him that it was unwise for him to 
continue to advise the public of his belief in the cause; 
many were emphatic, and told him that it would injure 
hiim politically, yet he continued not heeding their advice; 
in his subsequent candidacies he received the sincere and 
active support of many men who disagreed with him on 
one or both of these issues, due, as I believe, to the fact 
that they admired his candor, his sincerity, and his 
wisdom. 

Senator Gallinger early espoused the cause of the vet- 
erans of the Civil War — in his national activities in Con- 
gress assisted with force and power evei-y worthy case 
that was presented to him. In the Senate for many years 
he was chairman of the committee that considered gen- 
eral and special legislation relating to pensions. The can- 



[63] 



Memorial Addresses : Senator Gallinger 

dor and sympathetic spirit with which he administered 
justice in these classes of legislation made him an hon- 
ored friend by our surviving heroes of that conflict. 

To recount the legislative career of Senator Gallinger 
would require a volume, and his wisdom as a public serv- 
ant well merits a fulsome biography. His extraordinary 
ability as a legislator is the more remarkable for the 
reason that he was educated for the medical profession. 
Most public servants and statesmen select one great meas- 
ure on which to focus their energies ; most of them have a 
pet measure with which to occupy their time when 
momentous issues do not hold the center of the stage. 
Not so with Senator Gallinger. He was ever alert to the 
needs of his State and country; his information and fore- 
sight upon large public questions seemed almost bound- 
less. The tariff, the establishment of an adequate mer- 
chant marine, the enlargement of our Navy, the extension 
of our system of education, measures relating to health, 
and the development and beautiflcation of our National 
Capital found in him an earnest and forceful advocate. 

Let me briefly recall his beneficial services and advice 
in behalf of the development and making the city of 
Washington, our Nation's Capital, one of the most beauti- 
ful among all the capitals of the world. When he entered 
the United States Senate he was appointed a member of 
the Committee on the District of Columbia, serving there- 
on for more than 20 years, the latter half of his services 
being chairman of the committee. This work was agree- 
able to him; he enjoj'ed the vast opportunities presented; 
he visioned the needs of the National Capital early in his 
service and began systematically to bring about many 
needed reforms and improvements. The cool streams and 
forest glades of Rock Creek Park owe their improvement 
and conservation to his efforts. The beautiful memorial 
to the late President Lincoln, known as the Lincoln Me- 

[64] 



Address of Mr. Wason, of New Hampshire 

morial; the Connecticut Avenue Highway Bridge; the 
highway bridge across the Potomac; Piney Branch Bridge 
on Sixteenth Street; and the Massachusetts Avenue Bridge 
will be silent and perpetual monuments of his foresight 
and efforts. 

He was active and earnest in the promotion and estab- 
lishment of a filtration plant to improve the drinking 
water furnished by the water system of the city, and at the 
time of his death a half million people there were enjoying 
the benefit of that needed improvement. 

The Zoological Park, with 170 acres, is additional evi- 
dence of his wisdom and energy. One of the finest testi- 
monials to his sense of civic beauty was the improvement 
and establishment of Potomac Park and the construction 
of the beautiful driveways thereon, and the development 
of the plan for improvements of that portion of the city 
lying between the Capitol Building and the westerly por- 
tion of the Potomac Drive, so called. 

During his entire service in the Senate he was particu- 
larly active and aided in the improvement of the educa- 
tional system and of the school buildings and surround- 
ings of the District. His efforts were so noticeable and so 
well directed that he was familiarly referred to by the 
people residing in the National Capital as the " Mayor of 
"Washington." His attention was early in his service di- 
rected to the hospital conditions of the District, and one 
of the last and much-needed improvements was the new 
municipal hospital that he urged, and largely by his in- 
fluence and patience was finally authorized. It is now 
being constructed on the extension of Massachusetts Ave- 
nue. As a fitting token of the appreciation and esteem of 
his untiring energy and efforts in causing the same to be 
established and constructed, it has been named and is 
now known as the Gallinger Hospital. When completed 
and ready for occupancy the million-dollar structure will 

115066°— 19 5 [65] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator Gallinger 

stand for centuries a silent and eloquent tribute to the 
memory and distinguished services of the man whose 
name it bears. 

Senator Gallinger was particularly honored on his 
seventy- fourth birthday, March 28, 1911. His friends in 
"Washington arranged a banquet in his honor at the New 
Willard Hotel and 500 persons attended. Among those in 
attendance were the President of the United States, Cabi- 
net officers, ambassadors, members of the Supreme Court, 
Senators, Congressmen, and prominent citizens of the Dis- 
trict of Columbia and from other parts of the country. 
It was a notable gathering, a tribute seldom paid to a liv- 
ing man. The decorations were exquisite. Enthusiasm 
for Senator Gallinger, the guest of the evening, was un- 
bounded, as shown by the incidents during the dinner. 
Permit me to refer to one — the waiters marched into the 
banquet hall with letters on their trays that spelled 
" Gallinger." As the party saw the name they arose from 
their scats, cheering and waving their napkins in the 
air; the orchestra struck up " What is the matter with 
father," and the diners caught the sentiment instantly 
and sang — substituting the word " Gallinger " for 
"father," ending with the enthusiastic " He's all right." 
The speakers dwelt at length upon the wisdom, judgment, 
patience, and successful efforts of Senator Gallinger in 
his efforts to improve and beautify the National Capital. 

President Taf t said : 

You could not use the function of a dinner for a better or 
higher purpose than to testify your gratitude and tliat of all good 
citizens of the United States to a servant and a Senator who does 
things because they are to do good to the people. 

The chairman of the District Commissioners, Mr. 
Rudolph, speaking of the Senator, said: 

He has with untiring devotion studied our needs and problems, 
and with wisdom and courage never failed to advocate and presS 
such measures as would aid in making this the greatest city of 
the world. 

[66] 



Address of Mr. Wason, of New Hampshire 

A former J[)istrict Commissioner, Mr. Macfarland, said: 

I can testify that the unexampled appropriations and legisla- 
tion obtained for the District of Columbia were due more to you 
[Mr. Gallinger] than to any other one man in Congress. 

The Yankee poet wished that he might live in a house by the 
side of the road and be a friend to man. Officially as well as 
personally you have lived that way. 

Gen. Harries said: 

Of the good works done by Senator Gallinger and the evils he 
has checked there is not, nor can be, any catalogue. 

Capt. James F. Oyster said : 

The people of Washington are thankful to the people of his 
State for sending him here. 

The life of Senator Gallinger, replete with heneficial 
duties for mankind and for his adopted State and coun- 
try, adds another name to the long list of statesmen, resi- 
dents of New Hampshire, during the preceding century 
and a half. 

Senator Gallinger was a self-made man in every re- 
spect; his push and perseverance exhibited in early life 
enabled him to get his education; that education laid the 
foundation for his future life of activity and usefulness. 
The habits thus formed in his boyhood days were retained 
throughout his busy life until his death. Day by day, 
month by month, in the execution of life's responsibili- 
ties he progressed and advanced; he was not satisfied 
until he had reached the highest pinnacle of under- 
standing of each and every effort before him. He was 
endowed with a robust constitution and a wonderful 
power of endurance, which served him well during his 
fourscore years of life. He was a courteous man, an 
affable man, a sincere man, a man with strong convic- 
tions, tender-hearted, and his sympathies were with the 
downtrodden and the oppressed. There was no decep- 



[67] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator Gallinger 

tion or sham in his nature; he abhorred them. He easily 
made friends and retained them, and was ever enlarging 
his circle of friends and admirers. These attributes were 
a part of his nature from early manhood until life's end. 
He was a public speaker, possessing great convincing 
power and force; his reasoning was logical, sound, and 
clear; he possessed the ability to sway his hearers by sin- 
cere, logical, and forceful explanations of his subject. 

For many years when the Senator became wearj' and 
tired by close application to the arduous duties required 
of him in Congress, or when Congress was not in session, 
he intensely enjojed a visit to his country home, known 
as " The Poplars," a picturesque farm and buildings in 
the town of Saiisburj-, N. H., situated on an elevation just 
east of Kearsarge Mountain. There, among the rare 
flowers which he grew and was very fond of, and beneath 
the beautiful shade trees overlooking the green fields and 
pasture and timberland of his estate, he communed with 
nature and, lulled to rest and sleep by the music of the 
song birds and the chattering of the squirrels, his weary 
and overburdened constitution would revive, his energy 
return, and with renewed vigor he would resume the 
responsibilities of public life. It was here that he spent 
many pleasant days and enjoyed needed relaxation from 
busy life. It was here that he was resting and enjoying 
life when he became ill and answered the summons of the 
Great Master. The news of his death was received by the 
public with sadness and gi'ief by his colleagues and the 
people in the National Capital and by the people of his 
adopted State. The activities of the citj' of Concord, the 
capital of our State, were recessed and public and pi'ivate 
buildings were draped in mourning as the last rites were 
performed. The church was inadequate to accommodate 
the throng of people who came from afar and near and 
by their presence expressed their love, admiration, and 

[68] 



Address of Mr. Wason, of New Hampshire 

profound respect for the man of remarkable age whose 
noble deeds for humanity, covering a period of more than 
a half century, will be tenderly remembered and often 
recalled and referred to by future generations. 

Cold in ttie dust the perished heart may lie, 
But that which warmed it once can never die. 



[69] 



Address of Mr. Madden, of Illinois 

Mr. Speaker: It was my privilege, and I deem it a high 
privilege, to know Senator Gallinger for 30 years and I 
was always proud during all that period to be able to 
call him my friend. I was proud of Senator Gallinger 
not only as a man but as a public functionary. Senator 
Gallinger had a singleness of purpose in his public work. 
He was interested only in the welfare of the Nation. He 
had no private ax to grind, if I may so speak. He was 
constantly in search of methods to improve the condition 
of our people. He had fine courage, ability, and genius 
to serve the Government's needs. He was a true states- 
mam. He recognized the fact that a public official was the 
servant of the people. He saw that public office was 
simply an opportunity to serve. He realized that the 
more nearly one came to serving the people and advanc- 
ing and promoting their welfare the more nearly he 
would come to ameliorating conditions that needed im- 
provement. 

Senator Gallinger had a disposition as gentle as a girl. 
He was sweet, courteous, refined, attractive, magnetic, 
always approachable, and j'et he had strength of charac- 
ter that marked him in a conspicuous way among his as- 
sociates in public life. He was afraid of nothing. He 
had the courage to speak; he had opinions, and he was 
not afraid to express them. He shaped the legislation of 
the Nation calculated to be of advantage to the genera- 
tions of the future as much as did any other one man who 
occupied a high public place either in the House or in 
the Senate. He was constantly alert to the need of Amer- 
ica's expanding commerce, and in season and out of sea- 
son he worked tirelessly to accomplish that object. He 

[70] 



Address of Mr. Madden, of Illinois 



believed that America should stand on a basis of equality 
in its merchant shipping with any other nation in the 
world, and he never lost an opportunity to advocate 
legislation to that end. He saw the need, as few men did, 
of protecting the American market for the American 
people. He believed in the protection of American 
industry. He believed that the productions of labor 
from European markets should not be permitted to 
enter American ports for free distribution among the 
American people. He believed that the best way to 
preserve prosperity in America was to protect America 
against the invasion of European-made products with- 
out the payment of a license fee at the port of en- 
trance. He saw the need of preserving American honor 
in the conflict which is now happily closed. He stood as 
one of America's foremost advocates for America's entry 
into the war. He believed that every assistance possible 
and necessai-y should be given to the Commander in 
Chief to enable him to accomplish victory. He believed 
that the only way you could raise a successful army was 
by conscription, and his voice and vote are recorded in 
the records of the Congress of the United States in favor 
of the advanceinent of every American measure. 

To his genius and his courage and his foresight and his 
untiring devotion and his unselfish work is due more than 
any other man in history the development of this beauti- 
ful city as the Capital of the Nation. I can recall sitting 
on conferences with him when his heart went out to the 
suffering poor who had no place to go, no money to pay 
their doctor's bill, and how he insisted on provision being 
made for their care in the hospitals of this city. I can see 
him now pleading for greater opportunities for education 
for the children of this city and of the country, for the 
building of our public institutions of learning, for proper 
compensation for the teachers of this great community. 



[71] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator Gallinger 

I can see him pleading for them on the theory that they' 
were making greater sacrifices than any other class of our 
citizens. I can see him pleading for their future welfare 
bj' increasing their compensation to a point whei'e they 
could have a decent livelihood. I can see him looking 
into the future of the Nation by providing legislation 
that would mean better conditions for everj'one hereafter. 
I saw him pass away from the activities of this life, and 
1 believe I can see him now or hear his voice in a better 
land beyond. I believe that we can communicate with 
men like Jacob Gallinger, dead to life though they may 
be; for men like Jacob Gallinger never die. Their life 
work still lives; still goes on. Their life work must be an 
inspiration to those of us who yet remain and those who 
are yet to come. And if we can but have at the head of 
the Nation in the generations that are to come men of the 
patriotic promptings that Jacob Gallinger possessed, the 
future of America is safe. We need men of this type at 
the head of our Government affairs. "We need men of 
unselfish devotion; men who have no personal ambitions 
except to serve their country. I believe that if tlie men 
who are here to-day and who are to follow in the control 
of the Government of the United States shall but walk in 
the footsteps of Jacob H. Gallinger while he acted as a 
Member of this House and a Member of the Senate, the 
days for America in the generations, yea, in the centuries, 
yet to come, are safe, and that America will stand before 
the nations of the world forever to exemplify' the life and 
the strength of this, the greatest of all republics now or 
yet to come. 



[72] 



Address of Mr. Gallagher, of Illinois 

Mr. Speaker: The late Senator from the State of New 
Hampshire, Jacob H. Gallinger, was a great and good 
man, and entitled to the confidence and respect of his 
fellow men, which he held throughout the whole period 
of his public life. 

Born on a farm just outside of the northern limits of 
Cornwall, Canada, he determined when but a boy to select 
for himself a career of usefulness. Being one of a family 
of 12 children, he, of necessity, had to start out quite early 
to make his way in the world. He became an apprentice 
to the printing trade, and it was while working as a printer 
that he determined to fit himself for a profession. He 
studied medicine at the Medical Institute at Cincinnati, 
Ohio, and was graduated at the head of his class with the 
highest honors in 1858. After a time spent in travel and 
study, in 1861 he settled in Concord to follow the profes- 
sion of medicine and surgery. I knew Dr. Gallinger 
perhaps longer than any other man in Congress. It was- 
as a practitioner that I first knew him. As a boy in Con- 
cord, the city of my birth, I remember him as a successful 
physician. His practice was not merely local; his services 
were in demand for advice and consultation by the profes- 
sion throughout the State. He became widely known and 
made lasting friends wherever he went, long before he 
held public office. His industry did not stop with the 
performance of his arduous duties as a physician. He ob- 
tained recognition as a writer of unusual ability and was 
a contributor to medical literature. His articles published 
in the newspapers relating to public questions attracted 
wide and deserved popular attention. 

[73] 



Memorial Addresses : Senator G.vllinger 

In politics he was a Republican and a strong party man 
from the start. Because of his great interest in public 
affairs, he was chosen in 1872 a member of the State legis- 
lature, where he served with distinction. In 1876 he was 
elected a member of the State constitutional convention 
and advocated a number of important amendments 
which were ratified by the people. He rendered valuable 
service in the State senate, was chosen its presiding 
officer, and for many years was chairman of the Repub- 
lican State committee. Because of his great ability' and 
untiring efforts in behalf of the people, he was elected to 
represent his district in the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Con- 
gresses, and on March 4, 1891, was elevated to a seat in the 
Senate of the United States. 

He did not receive this great honor without passing 
through the severest political contests and the strongest 
personal opposition which can come to men holding high 
office or remaining long in public life. He encountered 
and overcame obstacles and conquered his opponents 
through his dominant courage. There was no citizen of 
the State, no matter how humble, who did not feel free to 
call upon the Senator for assistance. His services were 
always freely and willingly given, and because of the 
affection in which he was held by his home folks they 
returned him to Congress repeatedly, where he won the 
esteem and admiration of his colleagues by his eminent 
service in both branches of the National Legislature. 
Through perseverance, self-reliance, and great natural 
ability, he advanced in influence and power until he 
achieved the distinction of being chosen the leader of his 
party in the upper House of Congress. 

It can be stated truthfully that during his long public 
career he was a genuine and untiring public servant. 
From 1891 to the time of his death he remained con- 
tinuously in the Senate, having served for a longer period 

[74] 



yVDDRESs OF Mr. (Iallagher, of Illinois 

of time than any other Senator from New Hampshire. 
Because of his great knowledge of governmental affairs, 
his counsel was always sought on public questions which 
•were subjects for legislation. His advice was desired 
equally on problems and policies in which his party was 
concerned both in Congress and at State and National 
conventions. As a man of sound logic, his judgment was 
ever desired and always valued. He was a conspicuous 
figure in Republican politics for nearly half of a century. 

As the minority leader of the Senate he showed su- 
perior qualities as a parliamentarian. Ready and power- 
ful in debate, he took an active part in the solution of the 
great problems of government during all the period of his 
service in both Houses of Congress. He bore no ill will 
toward those who opposed him and enjoyed the respect 
equally of political friend and foe. Always kindly and 
sympathetic and with a high sense of personal honor, a 
promise given to a colleague was. with him a compact to 
be carried out with strict fidelity. In the late war he gave 
unswerving support to the President in every measure 
having for its purpose the successful termination of the 
conflict. 

I was one of a committee appointed by the Speaker to 
attend the funeral of Senator Gallinger at Concord. The 
exceptional honor paid to his memory on that occasion 
by the officials of his State is worthy of note. As an ex- 
traordinary evidence of the respect and veneration in 
which he was held, his remains were taken to the Capitol 
Building, there to lie in state, that the people of the city 
and of the Commonwealth he so long and honorably rep- 
resented might pay their final tribute to him. Only once 
before was a similar mark of respect shown to a citizen 
of New Hampshire, and that was on the occasion of the 
death of a former President of the United States, Franklin 
Pierce. From all over the Old Granite State and from 

[75] 



Memorial Addresses : Senator Gallinger 

many sections of the country' sorrowing friends attended 
the last exercises over the body of the departed statesman. 
Senator Gallinger's life is unique in many particulars. 
Despite his great age, he reached the zenith of his power 
and popularity when he was called to his last reward. In 
all the history of our public men few served in Congress 
for so long a period as Senator Gallinger, and it is doubt- 
ful if any departed leaving a greater good will than did 
the Senator from New Hampshire. The annoyances and 
difficulties incident to a public career did not corrode his 
nature or alter his kindly disposition. He remained to 
the end of his industrious and distinguished career the 
same courteous gentleman I first knew as a young phy- 
sician in Concord. Dr. Gallinger went out of this life 
with a consciousness of duty well and faithfully per- 
formed and with the lasting friendship of his colleagues 
and associates; he closed his long and splendid career 
possessing the confidence, respect, and admiration of the 
entire Nation. 



[76] 



Address of Mr. Sherwood, of Ohio 

Mr. Speaker: As a plain citizen of the Republic Sena- 
tor Gallinger was well worth knowing. Aside from his 
wide knowledge of public men and affairs of govern- 
ment lie had an alluring personality. He was gifted with 
delightful social qualities and a rare sense of humor, 
without which, to quote the specious words of Richard 
La Gallienne, " the heart of humanity had long since 
broken." 

I knew Senator Gallinger well. Was associated with 
him for four months in 1912 in the prolonged contest of 
the conferees of the Senate and House on my dollar-a-day 
pen.sion bill. Again, at two famous banquets in this 
Capitol in honor of the eightieth and eighty-second birth- 
days of the Hon. Joseph G. Cannon, of Illinois. Of the 12 
present at the last banquet. May 7, 1918, Senator Gallin- 
ger was one of the octogenarians. Like a majority of our 
public men of enduring fame. Senator Gallinger was the 
sole architect of his remarkable public career. It is his- 
tory that a majority of our most successful and longest 
enduring public men were born poor and started life 
without the advantages of a liberal or college education. 

Gen. Andrew Jackson, born of a North Carolina farm 
laborer, with no opportunities for an education, was the 
commander of a volunteer army, winner of the only land 
battle in the War of 1812. Twice President of the United 
States, in 1828 and 1832, always on the firing line in war, 
and leaving an honorable and enduring record in peace. 
Henry Clay, bom poor, self-educated, self-made, was the 
foremost orator and statesman of a whole generation of 
public men. Abraham Lincoln, born in a Kentucky log 
cabin, who never saw the inside of a university, and who 
learned to read books at night by the light of a pine-knot 

[77] 



-Memorial Addresses: Senator Gallinger 



fire, became the guiding hand in the grandest epoch- 
making era of all civilization. His oration on the battle- 
field of Gettysburg is the most inspiring and glorious 
classic of all languages. 

I know of Senator Gallinger's boyhood days, and of 
his early manhood struggles to win recognition and honor 
in the battle of life. His record in the New Hampshire 
Legislature, in the National House of Representatives, 
and in the Senate, covering 47 years of continuous service, 
has never been equaled by any public man that New 
England ever honored with a public trust. And his career 
differs from that of any public man of continental fame 
of New England birth in that he died in office in the full 
favor and affection of the people of his State, and not 
a disappointed man like Daniel Webster, another great 
son of New Hampshire; or James G. Blaine, of Maine; or 
Henry Clay, of Kentucky. Even Charles Sumner, rank- 
ing among the first of New England's great sons, was 
officially criticized in a resolution by the legislature of 
Massachusetts and died a disappointed man. 

While New Hampshire is one of the smallest States in 
the Union in area and population, ranking as the four- 
teenth in population, it not only furnished in Daniel 
Webster the foremost orator and statesman of the ante- 
bellum period, but during the Civil War a private sol- 
dier — Walter Kettridge — composed by the light of a 
bivouac fire the finest and most pathetic lyric song of the 
entire war — " Tenting To-night on the Old Camp Ground." 

And New Hampshire also was the birthplace and home 
of the greatest family of patriotic singers ever known in 
the United States. I refer to the famous Hutchinson 
family. It is among my earliest and most endui'ing mem- 
ories that I heard these singers of thrilling lyrics in 1845, 
when as a barefoot boy, in the open air one starlit night, 
to the accompaniment of the bells, I heard their soul- 

[78] 



Address of Mr. Sherwood, of Ohio 



inspiring songs. Sixteen years later the same family sang 
the patriotic songs of the Civil War around the gleaming 
bivouac fires of the Army of the Potomac. 

We should not let this occasion pass without gathering 
some lesson of value to the living, especially to the young 
men of to-day, who, like qur departed friend in his boy- 
hood, are struggling against what seems adverse fate. 
The brightest gleam of hope for the poor young men of 
to-day is in the knowledge that the greatest men who 
have ever served or shone in the high places of power in 
this Republic have been, like Senator Gallinger, of hum- 
ble birth and limited opportunities in boyhood. 

I am not here to decry a college education. I believe 
there is some merit in one couplet of an old English poet: 

'Tis education forms the common mind, 
Just as the twig is bent, the tree's inclined. 

But we have many notable instances in our histoiy of 
too much cultivation of the common mind, where this 
excessive cultivation, like the long cultivation of ti^ old 
tobacco lands of Virginia, has exhausted all the original 
substance of the soil: It sometimes happens that too 
much acquired book knowledge drives out all intuitive 
perception or original thought. Hence, we have many 
notable instances where the robust mind of a robust man, 
who is compelled to graduate in the school of hard knocks 
and common sense, proves the most successful citizen or 
public official. 

And let us here in this historic Chamber reconsecrate 
ourselves to that patriotism that was always so fervently 
typified in our dead friend, a statesman whose association 
and friendship added to our joys of living and whose 
character and example gave us hope for higher ideals in 
government. 

Such graves as his are pilgrim shrines, 
Shrines lo no code or creed confined — 

The Delphian vales, the Palestines, 
The Meccas of the mind. 

[79] 



Address of Mr. Greene, of Massachusetts 

Mr. Speaker: Senator Gallinger became a Member of 
the United States Senate seven years before I became a 
Member of this House. I never met him until I met him 
in this Capitol. I had read of him so much in the New 
England newspapers that I felt acquainted with him even 
before I met him here. He had a very remarkable career, 
as I knew it by an intimate knowledge of what occurred 
in his life as recorded faithfully in the papers, which then 
kept full account of New England movements and New 
England public men. 

Coming to this House in 1898, 1 wqs assigned by Speaker 
Reed. to the Committee on the Merchant Marine and Fish- 
eries, and I have served on that committee continuously 
since 1 have been a Member of the House. 

A few years ago when committee appointments were 
desired on the Republican side of the House I had one' 
or two other committee assignments which I voluntarily 
surrendered to accommodate some of my colleagues who 
desired to be recognized, and since that time I have de- 
voted my whole attention to the work of that committee 
of which I was chairman three and one-half years, and 
thus I was brought in close contact with Senator Gallin- 
ger, as he was a member of the Committee on Commerce 
in the Senate of the United States. He was concerned 
in everything that related to advantage for the American 
merchant marine. He was a firm believer in retaining for 
the American-owned vessels and American-commanded 
vessels the right and privilege of our coastwise trade. 
That, I think, was one of his strongest contentions. And 
I learned from him many years ago of the advantages 

[80] 



Address of Mr. Greene, of Massachusetts 

that would come from such a course. Since I have been 
here there has been considerable contention in the com- 
mittee of which I have been a member toward relaxing 
that restriction and allowing the coastwise trade to be 
entered into by foreign-built vessels. 

We talk sometimes of maintaining great armies and 
great navies in order that our honor may be preserved. 
1 have always believed in keeping the Nation strong. 
There is no stronger element for the preservation of the 
American Nation than the preservation of the coastwise 
trade for American-built and American-commanded ves- 
sels, for the reason that if any enemy approached our 
coast, either on the Atlantic or the Pacific, if the vessels 
of the coastwise trade were manned by American seamen 
and the vessels were commanded by American officers, 
then we would have a coast guard in addition to our Navy 
whicli would detect at any time the approach of an enemy 
coming to attack our coast. For tliat reason he and I 
agreed we would be entirely unwise to admit foreign- 
owned, foreign-built, or foreign-manned vessels to the 
coastwise trade. 

He was very much interested in the establishment of 
foreign trade. He believed in building up a great mer- 
chant marine. I was a firm believer in that policy myself 
before 1 became a Member of this House, and 1 have been 
a very much stronger advocate since I have been here 
than 1 ever was before. I believe that we should long 
ago have made every effort to upbuild our American 
merchant marine, and if we had performed that duty we 
should have been very much better prepared for war 
than we were because of so many years' delay in not at- 
tending to that great essential of supremacy upon the 
seas. 

Arguments were brought to bear in a great many in- 
stances in regard to the lack of necessity for providing 

115066°— 10 G [81] 



Memorial Addresses : Senator Gallinger 

an American merchant marine. One of them was that 
other nations could carry our products cheaper than we 
could carrj' them ourselves. And consequently, if we 
wanted to keep transportation we must not encourage an 
American merchant marine which would be more costly, 
but to maintain the facilities which we then enjoyed 
would be very much cheaper. 

Senator Gallinger and others persistently fought 
against what we believed was a false idea. And since 
we have been in war one great fact has been revealed, 
and that is that some men who were away from the sea- 
coast and who contended that the price of their products 
would be favorablj' affected by the reduction in freight 
rates have been convinced since the recent war that prices 
of the products of the farm were made on this side of the 
water and the freight was added to the cost, whatever it 
might be, and the purchasers paid the freight. 

Senator Gallinger's career was certainly very remark- 
able. He was not a native of the United States, but he was 
every inch a typical American. 

The dividing line between British North America and 
the United States would be hard to define. I have many 
constituents who were born in the same countiy where 
Senator Gallinger was born and who came and settled 
amongst us in this country, and they are amongst the 
strongest adherents of our national cause to-day, equal in 
their belief in and their devotion to the American Nation 
with those who are natives to the soil. 

I have been looking somewhat over Senator Gallinger's 
career in public life, in the State of New Hampshire, in 
the Senate, in the constitutional convention, and also his 
career in this House, where he served for two terms with 
honor to himself and credit to his State, and also in the 
Senate of the United States, where he served from 1891 
up to the day of his departure to another life. His public 

[82] 



Address of Mr. Greene, of Massachusetts 



career was purely unselfisli. He held a high position 
among the public men of his generation. 

He was no timeserver. He was not a man who failed to 
take a stand on any public question. He was radically a 
Republican, but he was broad enough to see very much 
beyond simply the party line. A gentleman said to me, 
" You are not going to call Senator Gallinger a progres- 
sive?" I said, " No, not in a political sense." I would not 
call him a " Progressive," because he never had a tincture 
of progressivism in political theory, but he was progres- 
sive in every act of his career. He was an advanced 
thinker and an advanced doer of great things. He never 
was backward in anything that he undertook. He put 
himself forward and served his country at every oppor- 
tunity. 

Allusion has been made by some of the Members who 
have preceded me to his great work in the United States 
Senate in behalf of the District of Columbia. I think he 
was one of the foremost friends of this much-neglected 
part of our country when it comes to questions of legisla- 
tion. 

He was persistent and foremost during all of his career 
in endeavoring to secure justice to the people of this most 
important part of our country, who have no representa- 
tive in either branch of the Congress. He was interested 
in evei-ything that meant for the public advancement here, 
both in regard to public health and in regard to public 
education. He was a trustee of the George Washington 
University of this city, a very useful institution. I happen 
to have a son who was a graduate from the law depart- 
ment of that university, and I frequently talked with Sen- 
ator Gallinger in regard to the interests of the university 
after my son became connected with it and I found him 
very broad in all his views in regard to education. 



[83] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator Gaixinger 

My education was limited in early life, and I have 
always regretted that I did not then value the advantage 
which a good education affords; but I want to say, for the 
encouragement of the youth of to-day, that if any young 
man does not obtain the education that he thinks he ought 
to have he ought to take the example of a man like the 
late Senator Gallinger, who took advantage of every 
opportunity that was presented to him; although his edu- 
cational facilities were not as great as those of some of 
the young inen of to-day, he patiently and persistently 
pursued the task set before him. He had great natural 
abilities, and he acquired a vade knowledge of every 
subject that he undertook to enter upon, and it should be 
a matter of encouragement to the rising generation to 
appreciate the opportunities that our country affords. No 
other country on the face of the earth affords any such 
opportunities. 

Whatever may be concluded in the settlement of the 
great controversy between other nations through which 
we have recently passed, whatever may be the final settle- 
ment of the great questions that will arise from that con- 
flict, the United States will certainly be one of the foremost 
of all nations in bringing about a proper settlement of the 
great problems that will be considered at the peace con- 
ference now in session. Senator Gallinger wrote me a 
letter in 1915, inclosing to me a bill prepared by himself, 
and I laid it aside where I could put my hand on it at any 
time, not then thinking that I would have occasion to refer 
to it on such an occasion as this. But it has come to my 
mind that perhaps I ought to refer to it. It is a measure 
that he introduced in the Senate of the United States on 
December 7, 1915, entitled " A bill to encourage American 
shipbuilding and navigation, to establish American ocean 
mail lines, to increase the naval reserve, and to promote 
the commerce of the United States." 



[84] 



Address of Mr. Greene, of Massachusetts 

I have looked that bill over with a great deal of in- 
terest. It provided means which if enacted into law 
might have built up the American merchant marine. It 
was a method which I long believed in and which I had 
tried several times during my membership in this House 
to have the House favorably consider. Once my party 
associates succeeded in getting it through this House by 
a very small margin, but the bill failed in the Senate by 
reason of the adjournment of a session of the Congress 
before action could be had. At a subsequent time the 
Senate passed a bill of that nature, and it came over to 
this House, but failed of enactment here by one vote. 
Senator Gallinger at that time introduced the bill in 
the Senate, and I very gladly voted for it and worked for 
it here. I believe in that method of upbuilding a mer- 
chant marine rather than by a wasteful expenditure of 
money. 

We have now what is called an American merchant 
marine established. It has been rather a costly experi- 
ment. Enough money was placed by the Congress to the 
credit of the Shipping Board— nearly $4,000,000,000— to 
construct 10 Panama Canals, and notwithstanding that 
vast sum was granted there was only a limited number of 
vessels that were available to help us win the war. We 
won the war in spite of our lack of an American mer- 
chant marine. 

And though we may have failed in some respects, we 
have undoubtedly prepared the way for future Con- 
gresses to provide an American merchant marine. Re- 
cently I noticed that the president of the Shipping Board 
was busy across the water preparing for the establish- 
ment of our foreign trade; but before they can get Ameri- 
can shipping in shape to compete with the shipping in- 
terests abroad we shall have to wipe out at least -1*1,000,- 
000,000, and I fear we shall be compelled to wipe out a 

[85] 



Memori.\l Addresses: Senator Gallinger 

second billion of dollars before we can successfully meet 
the competition with the nations which have been for so 
long a period of years taking care of their merchant 
marine while we, as a Nation, have slumbered. 

Senator Gallinger was a member of the Merchant Ma- 
rine Commission which visited important shipping ports 
in our own country and subsequently visited foreign coun- 
tries investigating the necessity of the United States hav- 
ing a merchant marine and to ascertain what liindrances 
existed there to reestablishing our foreign trade. Sena- 
tor Gallinger submitted an elaborate report. Gen. Gros- 
venor, of Ohio, late a Member of this House, was a mem- 
ber of that commission, as was also Senator Lodge, who 
became the successor of Senator Gallinger as the leader 
in the Senate. They made a very full investigation. 
Their reports are a matter of record in the Library of 
Congress and they showed a great deal of interest in this 
all-pervading subject which I believe will be interesting 
and helpful for the Congress in the months that are to 
confront us in the near future. 

I regret very much we can not have the advantage of 
Senator Gallinger's presence to help us to solve this 
great shipping problem, but, as I have stated, his work 
during his life will be helpful in the solution thereof. 

Allusion was made by the gentleman who preceded me 
to a luncheon that those of our membership who have 
passed threescore years and ten in this House have been 
invited to participate for the third time. Senator Gallin- 
ger was present last year at the last anniversary of the 
birth of Hon. Joseph G. Cannon on May 7, 1918. Several 
Members who were present at the first and subsequent 
luncheons have passed away. Senator Gallinger was 
present there last year, and from his appearance then all 
who participated therein expected that we should have 
the pleasure of his presence for another gathering when 

[86] 



Address of Mr. Greene, of Massachusetts 

the next anniversary' of the birth of Mr. Cannon should 
occur. But Senator Gallinger has gone to that bourn 
from which no traveler ever returns. We appreciate the 
great work he did, we recognize the record he made here, 
and we admire his breadth of character, his engaging per- 
sonality, and we appreciate also his ability and faithful- 
ness in every work in which he engaged. I was appointed 
a memBer of the committee which attended the funeral 
of the late Senator. His body was carried to the Capitol 
Building in the city of Concord and there laid in state. 
At the church where the funeral exercises were held Sena- 
tor Lodge delivered an eloquent and fitting eulogy on the 
life, character, and public services of the late Senator, liis 
former associate and personal friend. 



[87] 



Address of Mr. Mondell, of Wyoming 

Mr. Speaker: It was mj- good fortune to know Jacob 
Harold G.-vllinger for nearly a quarter of a century. 
While our acquaintance and association was not particu- 
larly intimate it was of such a character — personal, social, 
and official — as to enable me to form an intelligent opin- 
ion of him and was the foundation of a sincere apprecia- 
tion of and respect and regard for this distinguished man 
who for so many years ably represented the Common- 
wealth of New Hampshire in the Congress of the United 
States. 

That Jacob Harold Gallinger was a great and good 
man was eloquently and conclusively demonstrated by 
the fact of the long period of his exalted public service 
and the number and varietj' of the distinguished honors 
and hea\-y responsibilities placed and conferred upon 
him during the many years of his active life. No man 
who did not possess the virtues and endowments of hon- 
esty, courage, industry, and ability in a marked and un- 
usual degree could for so long a period of time have 
retained the affection, confidence, and support of the 
sane, sensible, and discerning people of the Common- 
wealth of New Hampshire. 

We are reminded bj' Holy Writ that there is a differ- 
ence in the quality of glory celestial and terrestrial. Every 
light that shines to illuminate the moral, the spiritual 
pathways of men has its own individual and peculiar 
virtues. Each has its particular mission for good an<l 
each differs from the other in the character of the help- 
ful influence and impression it exerts and creates. 

Out of the many helpful, stimulating, and illuminating 
qualities of the character of our departed friend two in 

[88] 



Address of Mr. Mondell, of Wyoming 

particular challenged my attention and won my admira- 
tion — his steadfastness and his modesty. These are not 
essential attrihutes of greatness; in fact they are qualities 
that have been sadly lacking in the character of some 
truly great men. The possession of these qualities, how- 
ever, serve to accentuate other great qualities of heart and 
mind, and the possession of them brings to their pos- 
sessor, who is otherwise distinguished, not only the appre- 
ciation of his great qualities but the added tribute of un- 
qualified respect and sincere personal affection and re- 
gard. 

Take him all in all, Jacob Harold Gallinger possessed 
the kind of character we might wish for our best beloved 
and dearest friend. The honors that came to him will be 
long remembered and cherished as a valuable possession 
of memory by friend and relative, but, after all, that 
which really counts and will form the most precious herit- 
age of memory will be the praiseworthy waj' in which he 
accepted and bore these honors; the modesty, the fidelity, 
and the wisdom with which he discharged the responsi- 
bilities which those honors brought. His earthly work is 
finished, but the beneficial effect of his work and accom- 
plishments will long continue; above all, the influence 
of his character, of the great and worthy qualities of his 
mind and heart, has become a part of the immortal, help- 
ful, moral forces of the universe. 



[89] 



Address of Mr. Campbell, of Kansas 

Mr. Speaker : It is a privilege to have known men of the 
generation in which Senator Gallinger was a great leader. 
The generation that is passing with Senator Gallinger 
has contributed more to mankind than any generation 
that preceded it in the historv" of civilization. No other 
period has seen such progress for the welfare of man- 
kind as this generation has seen. This progress has been 
largely the result of the high purpose and constructive 
statesmanship of the men whom that generation selected 
for their leaders. Men of mediocre ability were not sent 
to the front lines for action. Mark the achievements. 
When Senator G,\llinger came he found matters much 
as they had been for centuries. The progress of civiliza- 
tion had been slow and marked by few milestones. Men 
and women were still carding, spinning, and weaving by 
hand. They drove their flocks and herds for miles to 
market. They tilled their soil and sowed their grain and 
garnered their harvests with simple implements. Finan- 
cial and fiscal systems were unstable. Economic policies 
ministered only at short inteiwals to the welfare of the 
people statesmen sought to serve. 

Senator Gallinger's generation of statesmen have led 
the civilization of the world in the reformation of all of 
those things. He was a part of that constructive states- 
manship. He saw the rapid advance that w^as made from 
the spinning wheel and the loom to the finished ma- 
chineiy and great factories of to-day that minister to the 
necessities and welfare of mankind. He saw and was 
part of the statesmanship that adjusted finances and eco- 



[90] 



Address or Mr. Campbell, of Kansas 



nomic policies of this Nation so that industry, finance, and 
commerce were stabilized. 

It is a privilege to have known such a man. Death was 
kind to him in that it delayed the day of its visit to him 
until it found him in the ripeness of his years yet in full 
possession of all those qualities of heart and brain that 
fit their possessor for usefulness to mankind. He was yet 
in the possession of all his faculties in a high degree, was 
still the leader of men, yea, indeed, a great leader in the 
Senate of the United States, the greatest legislative body 
of its kind in his day in the world. It was his privilege 
to be taken from life during his leadership of that great 
body. 

What a mysterious messenger, after all, is death. It 
comes, removes its victim from place of leadership as well 
as from place of little note and yet docs not disturb the 
world in its progress. The morning after Senator Gal- 
linger's death the affairs of the world went on. The Sen- 
ate and this House paused awhile with bowed heads and 
paid a tribute to his memory and then resumed under 
other leadership the work from which he had been taken. 

Senator Gallinger's place will be tilled by other men. 
Few, however, will take to public life and to positions of 
leadership the high order of constructive statesmanship 
that he possessed in so rare a degree. He was modest 
and patient. He respected those who differed with him. 

He was full of years and honors when he left life to 
solve the mystei-y of death. May we have more like him 
in the days to come. 



[91] 



Address of Mr. Austin, of Tennessee 

Mr. Speaker: It is well that we should on this beautiful 
Sabbath Day pause to pay just tribute to the character 
and memory of Jacob Harold Gallinger, New Hamp- 
shire's foremost citizen, who has peacefully passed to the 
great beyond after a life full of usefulness, not only to 
the State which was proud to honor him but the great Re- 
public he served so long and well. 

His record is a prominent part in the legislative pro- 
ceedings and achievements of the American Congress for 
more than a quarter of a century. His words and deeds 
are recorded in the enduring records of the greatest legis- 
lative body in the world and during the most important 
period in the historj' of the Nation. When Senator Gal- 
linger was a Member of the lower House of Congress 
one of Ohio's illustrious statesmen, John Sherman, was 
the President pro tempore of the Senate, along with the 
brilliant John J. Ingalls, from Kansas, who also presided 
over the Senate during a part of that period, while that 
able son of Kentucky, John G. Carlisle, was serving as 
Speaker of this House. While a Member of the Senate 
the Speakers of the House were John G. Carlisle, of Ken- 
tucky, Thomas B. Reed, of Maine, Charles F, Ci'isp, of 
Georgia, David B. Henderson, of Iowa, Joseph G. Cannon, 
of Illinois, and Champ Clark, of Missouri. 

During Senator Gallinger's long, faithful, and con- 
spicuous service in the upper House of Congress the 
White House was occupied by Harrison, Cleveland, Mc- 
Kinley, Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson. 

What a long, great, and honorable career of fidelity and 
usefulness! He served in both branches of the New 
Hampshire Legislature for six terms, was the presiding 

192] 



Address of Mr. Austin, of Tennessee 

officer of the State senate, an influential member of the 
constitutional convention, the surgeon general of the 
State National Guard, four years of activity in the House 
of Representatives of the American Congress, to be fol- 
lowed by the people of the State in a promotion to mem- 
bership in the United States Senate, covering a period of 
27 years, or until he was called to his great and final 
reward. 

Through this long period of his official career he was 
rendering invaluable service to the Republican Party, 
which had honored and trusted him and whose principles 
he cherished and loved to serve and promote. He was 
chairman of the Republican State committee 18 years; 
member of the Republican national executive committee, 
delegate to four Republican national conventions, chair- 
man of the Republican senatorial committee, and chair- 
man of the joint caucus of Republican Senators and 
Members of the House here in the Capitol for the past 10 
years. He was an able and impartial President pro tem- 
pore of the United States Senate during the Sixty-second 
Congress. 

For a moment consider the great and vital legislative 
questions to which his name was linked : Chairman of 
the Merchant Marine Commission, vice chairman of the 
National Waterways Commission, and member of the 
National Forest Reservation Commission. At the time of 
his death he was the chairman of the conference of the 
minority and an influential member of the Committees 
on Appropriations, Finance, Manufactures, Pacific Rail- 
roads, Printing, and Rules. 

His many speeches favoring a merchant marine and a 
protective tariff are among the strongest, most convinc- 
ing, and unanswerable to be found in the great debates 
in Congress during the past quarter of a century. His 
constant and unceasing work for "Washington City and 
the District of Columbia entitle him to the lasting grati- 

[93] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator Gallinger 

lude of the people of the Capital City and every American 
who is proud of the ofilcial home of the Republic. 

Senator Gallinger was intensely an American. The 
business men trusted him, for he believed in promoting 
and safeguarding the commercial and industrial interests 
of the country. He never waivered in his advocacy and 
support of legislation to insure the prosperity and happi- 
ness of our great army of industrial workers. He was not 
unmindful of the old heroes whose courage and valor 
saved the Union, and legislation for them, their widows, 
and dependent children received his earnest support. No 
one in the Congress was more anxious or earnest in aiding 
in pro^^ding needed legislation for our successful prose- 
cution of the great world war. Measures for the welfare 
and safety of the Republic, for the social, moral, civic, 
material, intellectual, and patriotic improvement and de- 
velopment of all the people ever found in him an earnest 
and enthusiastic champion. 

Senator Gallinger was absolutely free from pretense 
and an utter stranger to hyprocrisy. He was open, manly, 
genial, kind, and could always and under all circum- 
stances be trusted and relied upon to the limit. He was 
devoted to friends, faithful to constituents, true to party, 
and loyal to country. The noble deeds to his credit, the 
splendid example he left, his untarnished name, are pre- 
cious legacies more enduring and valuable than wealth 
or rank. 

Our families lived beneath the same roof 30 long years 
ago in this city. He was my esteemed and valued friend 
and 1 had every reason to honor, respect, and love him for 
his unfailing interest and friendship for me and mine. 

Mr. Speaker, I offer my simple but heartfelt tribute to 
the memory of New Hampshire's great and illustrious 
son, whose private and ofTicial deeds will be long remem- 
bered and cherished and whose public achievements will 
not be forgotten by the grateful people of the Republic. 



[94] 



Address of Mr. Burroughs, of New Hampshire 

Mr. Speaker: In the death of Senator Gallinger, at 
Franklin, N, H., in the eighty-second year of his age, on 
August 17, 1918, New Hampshire lost her most distin- 
guished and influential public servant and the country at 
large a leader and statesman who had contributed I'ichly 
to the national welfare. 

Three times elected to membership in each brancli of the 
New Hampshire Legislature; a delegate and chairman of 
the delegation from his State to at least four Republican 
national conventions; a member of the New Hampshire 
constitutional convention in 1876, in which body he took 
a prominent part in formulating amendments which were 
later submitted to and adopted by the people of his State; 
a Member of this House in the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth 
Congresses, where he early took high rank as an intelli- 
gent legislator and forceful debater; and a Senator of the 
United States continuously for more than 27 years, fi'oni 
March 4, 1891, to the date of his death, it may truly be said 
of Senator Gallinger that he gave himself wholly and 
unreservedly to the service of his countiy. In spite of 
failing physical powers in recent years, his strength of 
mind, his grasp of intricate questions, his quickness and 
acuteness of perception, remained undiminished to the 
last, and enabled him almost to the day of his death to 
perform a literally prodigious amount of effective labor. 

At no time in his long and honorable public career was 
his service more highly useful to his State and to tlie 
Nation than at the second session of the Sixty-fifth Con- 
gress, just closed, when, with the country at war and him- 
self the leader of his party on the floor of the Senate, he 

[95] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator Gallinger 

was present almost eveiy day and took an active part in 
the discussion of all important questions. 

He died in harness, as he would have wished to die. He 
died as serenely and bravely as he lived. 

Jacob Harold Gallinger was a fine example of what we 
often speak of as the " self-made man." Born on a farm 
in Cornwall, Ontario, Canada, March 28, 1837, receiving 
the advantages of a common school and an academic edu- 
cation, he started life as a printer. He served his time as 
an apprentice and became a member of the Union of 
Journeymen Printers. Later in life he took great pride in 
the fact that he was a member of organized labor, and 
the Typographical Union and Plate Printers' Union of 
Washington, D. C, counted him among their stanchest 
friends. One of the principal addresses at the great birth- 
day banquet given in his honor by the Chamber of Com- 
merce and the citizens of the District of Columbia in 1911 
was delivered by the president of one of the local unions, 
who presented him with a large silver pitcher in token of 
the esteem in which he was held by the members of the 
profession in Washington. 

He studied medicine in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he grad- 
uated at the head of his class. I, myself, have often 
heard him speak of the privations and sacrifices made 
necessary for him by those years of preparation. Well 
do I remember him 35 years ago, riding day and night in 
all sorts of weather, ministering to the sick throughout 
the whole countrj' for miles around his home at Concord, 
N. H., for he was then known as one of the most success- 
ful physicians in that locality. 

He knew from boyhood the meaning of hard work; 
long hours had no terrors for him. It was for this reason. 
I suppose, that he seemed to have scant sympathy with 
those who in recent times are continually emphasizing 
the idea that destitution and pauperism and all other ills 

[96] 



Address of Mr. Burroughs, of New Hampshire 

that flesh is heir to are primarily due to existing condi- 
tions of civilized society. Was it not under these same 
conditions that he had started from the bottom and 
climbed to the top? Why, tlien, tear down, why overturn, 
why revolutionize? 

Admitting always there is a great deal in the present 
organization of society which might be improved by 
well-considered legislation, he held strongly to the belief 
that the chief cause of suft'ering and distress in the world 
is found not so much in social as in economic conditions 
and failings and defects in the individual. He put em- 
phasis upon the duties and responsibilities of the citizen 
rather more than upon his rights, and if at times he 
seemed to some of us to put undue stress on the part 
which individualism must fulfill in our time we must 
always remember that he was brought up under the in- 
fluence of the school of the earlier economists, whose 
fundamental assumption was that free competition in- 
volving freedom of contract and individual liberty was 
universal and all beneficent. 

Throughout his whole public career Senator Gallin- 
ger maintained a firm belief in the wisdom of a protective 
tariff' policy. Indeed, this may truly be said to have been 
the cornerstone of his whole political philosophy. No 
statesman of his day had studied this question more 
thoroughly or had a broader comprehension of its mean- 
ing. For more than a quarter of a century no man in 
either branch of Congress was a more earnest, consistent, 
and forceful advocate of this doctrine. I have before me 
as I speak a pamphlet containing a speech by him in the 
Senate on May 16, 17, and 19, 1894. It is entitled " Ameri- 
can Tariffs from Plymouth Rock to McKinley." It was 
later printed and widely distributed throughout the 
country by the American Protective Tariff League. It 
purports to be, as indeed it is, a most exhaustive analysis 

115066°— 19 7 [97] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator (iALLixGER 

of the arguments both for and against a protective tariff, 
together with a complete survey of our tariff liistory from 
the eariiest times. In clearness of statement, wealth of 
illustration, and comprehensive grasp and treatment of 
subject matter it is to my mind the strongest as it is alto- 
gether the most illuminating speech on the tariff question 
that I have ever read. 

If any man in the public life of America ever lived to 
see a position that he had taken thoroughly justifled by 
subsequent events that man was Senator Galunger with 
reference to our merchant marine. 

For 3'ears his voice, with that of his friend, Senator 
Frye, of Maine, rang out almost alone in the Congi'ess 
of the United States in eloquent and vigorous protest 
against the short-sighted and un-American policy under 
which our flag, once known and honored in eveiy port 
of the world, had practically disappeared in the foreign 
commerce of the United States. Again and again he 
brought home to the American people the incontrovertible 
facts of history in connection with this subject. He re- 
minded us that once we were masters of the seas, that 
until after the middle of the nineteenth centurj' our mari- 
time power was preeminenth' successful, that then we 
faced inland and turned our energies and attention to the 
conquest of our continent — we felled our forests, fenced 
our fields, broke our prairies, built our highways and rail- 
roads, bridged our streams, tunneled our mountains, har- 
nessed our water power and exploited our mines, built 
our cities, and became the greatest agricultural and indus- 
trial countn,' of the world, leaving to other nations the 
task of carrying our pi'oducts across the seas. At the out- 
break of the Civil War we had two and a half millions of 
tonnage. By 1891 this had been reduced to a little more 
than 1,000,000, and it had not increased at the outbreak of 
the recent war. Our Navy had greatly increased, but our 

[98] 



Address of Mr. Burroughs, of New Hampshire 

merchant marine had remained undeveloped. Our ship- 
yards had been closed and the shipwrights had turned 
their energies in other directions. 

As chairman of the Merchant Marine Commission ap- 
pointed under authority of Congress in 1904 Senator Gal- 
linger spent months taking testimony in all parts of the 
country — on the coasts of the North and South Atlantic, 
the Great Lakes, the Pacific, and the Gulf of Mexico. 
He prepared a very comprehensive and elaborate report 
embodj'ing the conclusions of the commission which he, 
as its chairman, submitted to the Senate at the opening 
of the third session of the Fifty-eighth Congress. This 
report is at once a masterpiece of sustained argument 
and a powerful appeal to the patriotic spirit of the Ameri- 
can people. It is but a simple statement of truth to say 
that if the recommendations therein contained had found 
expression in the legislation suggested and which Senator 
Gallinger later introduced in the Senate and strongly ad- 
vocated America would not have found herself in the 
humiliating and defenseless position on the seas that 
characterized her entrance into the European war. 

As no man in the history of our State ever represented 
her in Congress for so long a period, so it may also truth- 
fully be said that no man ever served New Hampshire in 
any capacity with a greater industry', loyaltj', or devotion 
than Senator Gallinger. Nothing that affected the State, 
its institutions, or its people in any degree was too trivial 
to receive his painstaking and earnest consideration. Any 
enterprise that seemed to him to be in the interest of New 
Hampshire was sure to receive his strong and loyal sup- 
port. I suppose, for instance, that no man in our public 
life had done more than he to improve our beautiful har- 
bor at Portsmouth and the navy jard located at the same 
place. Indeed, one of the very last acts of Senator Gal- 
linger's official life was to move an amendment to the 

[99] 



MEMORIAL Addresses: Senator Gallinger 

naval bill in the Senate providing for an additional dry 
dock at the Portsmouth Navy Yard. 

Some one has said that all associated action among 
men exhibits an inevitable conflict between the idea of 
combined efficiency and the idea of individual freedom. 
Neither can prevail without some sacrifice of the other. 
The difference is temperamental and the two types of 
character are hard to reconcile. 

Senator Gallinger belonged to the type which seeks 
efficiency by the law of its nature. All of his instincts 
were for order, discipline, intelligent direction, voluntaiy 
subordination to a common pui'posc. That explains, in 
mj' judgment, why in politics, from first to last, he was 
always for party organization and party responsibility. 
Certainly he was always a staunch party man. He had 
the capacity for sympathetic appreciation of the feelings 
and motives of others, and that, as we all know, is what 
makes associated action easy. He thought much of the 
common cause in which he was enlisted and little of his 
own advantage. He was simple and direct in thought and 
action, and frank and truthful and entirely free from that 
cowardice which breeds deception. 

Personally, he was one of the most lovable men I have 
ever known^ — a loyal friend and charming companion and 
an affectionate husband and father. His sympathies were 
broad and generous. He was fond of music and flowers 
and literature and the companionship of little children. 
He loved the fields and hills and woods, and through most 
of his active career found greatest relaxation and rest in 
the " house by the side of the road " on the little Salisbury 
farm. There he took the keenest pleasure in the manage- 
ment and betterment of his property. Only last year he 
drove a deep artesian well on this farm and set out a large 
number of young apple trees of a special variety that he 



[100] 



Address of Mr. Burroughs, of New Hampshire 

had been at great pains to secure in a western State. He 
fully expected to " round out a century," as he expressed 
it, and watch his new orchard in its development. His 
motto throughout life seemed to be "Act as if you were 
to live forever — live as if you were to die to-morrow." 
Sorrow came to him, but he met it manfully. It neither 
embittered nor crushed him. He was a popular type of 
the American optimist, imparting confidence and enthu- 
siasm to all who came within the influence of his delight- 
ful personality. His course was a steadfast and consistent 
one throughout his whole public career. His convictions 
were strong and he held them strongly. 

I think it was James A. Garfield who said in substance 
that in the minds of most men the kingdom of opinion is 
divided into three territories — the territory of yes, the 
territory of no, and a broad unexplored middle ground of 
doubt. That middle ground in the mind of Senator Gal- 
linger was very narrow. Nearly all his territory was oc- 
cupied by positive convictions. On most questions his 
mind was made up more completely than that of almost 
any man I have ever known. 

On his eighty-first birthday he said in the Senate, in the 
course of some remarks appropriate to the occasion : 

I have had no controversy during the 27 years of my member- 
ship in the Senate with any Senator that lasted overnight. 

This would explain why, although from first to last as I 
have stated, he was a strong party man, Senator Gallin- 
ger had the warm friendship and even affection of men 
long associated with him in Congress who differed radi- 
cally with him in political belief. As illustrating what I 
have just said, I want to quote a few words from some re- 
marks made by Mr. Williams, of Mississippi, a promi- 
nent Democratic Senator, on the occasion of Senator Gal- 
linger's eighty-first birthday. 



[101] 



Memorial Addresses : Senator Gallinger 



Senator Williams said: 

I have never known a sweeter person, a man who was more of 
a real man, honest, true, faithful, and brave in the entertainment 
and expression of opinion than the Senator from New Hamp- 
shire. When a partially reconstructed rebel can say that about 
a down-east Yankee, thai ought to go pretty far. 

I have served with him on committees, I have served with him 
in this body, and I have never yet seen the day, as far apart as 
he and I were and are politically, when a statement of his about 
a matter of fact did not carry with me absolute verity, not veri- 
similitude, as statements of that sort coming from Representa- 
tives and Senators generally do, but absolute verity. I would no 
more doubt his word, I would no more doubt his integrity, in- 
tellectual or moral, than I would doubt my own. 

Mr. President, my temperament is such that I either love men 
or hate them; nobody is indifferent to me. I hate men when I 
hate them because I think they are untrue, I think they are in- 
sincere, I think that they camouflage; and I love men when I love 
them because I think they are true and do not camouflage and 
are not insincere. I love an open enemy who fights me to the 
hilt of the dagger very much more than I love a fellow with 
velvet gloves who seeks an aperture under my fifth rib without 
advising me beforehand that he is going to seek it. I think that 
Senator Gallinger falls within the lines of the people whom I 
love and whom I have a right to love and do love because they 
are honest and because I try to be honest. 

The accident of birth in another country precluded him 
from aspiration to the highest honors in the land of his 
adoption, but for several years he had been the acknowl- 
edged leader of his party in the Senate, where he had 
met the exacting duties of this high and responsible 
position with dignity, distinction, and to the general sat- 
isfaction of his associates in that body. 

Although born in Canada and on his father's side of 
German parentage, never was there so much as a whisper 
of suspicion of his thoroughgoing and stalwart Ameri- 
canism. Indeed, it was that spirit tliat seemed to give 
motive and inspiration to his whole public career. 
Always his argument for a protective tariff came back 
to the fundamental proposition that the American wage 

[102] 



Address of Mr. Burroughs, of New Hampshire 



scale and American standards of living must at all hazards 
be maintained. It was the same in regard to the merchant 
marine. His whole being seemed to revolt at the idea 
of America remaining for another moment in a hmniliat- 
ing position of dependence upon foreign governments and 
foreign shipowners in our overseas trade. Although 
never a "jingo" in any sense of the word, he was not 
a pacifist as the term is now understood. He hated war, 
as I believe most right-minded men do, but that did not 
carry him to the extent of being willing to go to any length 
or pay any price in order to maintain peace. He stood 
for a policy of reasonable preparedness long before the 
European war broke out. It was in no spirit of enthusi- 
asm, but rather with sorrow, because he saw no other 
honorable course, that he voted for the declaration of 
war with Germany. After the war came no man in either 
branch of Congress stood more stoutly than he for its 
vigorous prosecution to complete victory. 

It was due in no small degree to his wise counsel and 
leadership that throughout the war his party in Congress 
gave loygl and whole-hearted support to the Government 
upon all war measures. Had he lived to sec that glad No- 
vember morning, when once again across the darkened 
skies shot the bright rays of coming peace, there would 
have been no man within the confines of this great Re- 
public whose heart would have leaped with greater joy 
than his at the happy consummation. 

There are many phases of his life and public service of 
which I would like to speak, especially of his zealous and 
painstaking efforts for the upbuilding, beautifying, and 
civic betterment of this Capital City, whose citizens of all 
classes had come to have for him a genuine and true affec- 
tion; of his unflagging interest in and valuable service to 
the Union soldiers — veterans of the Civil War — with 
whom his name is a household word from one end of the 
land to the other; of his sincere belief in and strong 



[103] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator Gallinger 

advocacy of prohibition and equal sufl'rage in days when 
these causes were less popular and it took more courage 
to stand for them than now. But I will not say more. 
Most of these subjects have already been covered, and all, 
I am sure, will be covered by other speakers who have 
had the advantage of a more intimate association than I 
with Senator Gallinger during the many years of his con- 
gressional career. 

Reviewing his life and summing up his qualities, I 
know of no words that may more fittingly be applied to 
him than those he himself spoke on a similar occasion 
of his long-time friend, Hon. James S. Sherman, former 
Vice President of the United States: 

He was in the truest sense a patriot, loving liis country and its 
institutions, and devoted to the happiness and welfare of all 
classes of its people. He was broad-minded and large-hearted, 
incapable of a meanness, and filled with sympathy and love for 
his fellows. Such a life surely did not end when death came. 
Rather let us believe that it was the beginning of a higher and 
better existence, and that the earthly activities of our friend 
were but the prelude to a life of greater beauty, of grander as- 
pirations, and of nobler achievements. 

It seems to me that the philosophy of Senator Gal- 
linger's life is nowhere better expressed than in the beau- 
tiful lines of Heniy Van Dyke : 

Let me but live mj- life from year to year 

With forward face and unreluctant soul. 

Not hastening to, nor turning from, the goal; 

Not mourning for the things that disappear 

In the dim past, nor holding back in fear 

From what the future veils; but with a whole 

And happy heart, that pays its toll 

To Youth and Age, and travels on with cheer. 

So let the way wind up the hill or down, 

Though rough or smooth, the journey will be joy; 

Still seeking what I sought when but a boy. 

New friendship, high adventure, and a crown. 

I shall grow old, but never lose life's zest. 

Because the road's last turn will be the best. 

[104] 



Address of Mr. Woods, of Iowa 

Mr. Speaker: In speaking to the resolution offered I 
feel that I voice the sentiment of the great liberty-loving 
people of the Central West in saying that they regret 
deeply the death of Senator Gallinger and are united 
in honoring his menioiy. 

Senator Gallinger served well the people of his State. 
He did more, he served the people of every State in the 
Union. He founded that service on truth, righteousness, 
and a belief in equal treatment to all. His simple faith 
knew no distinction between the loft>' and the lowly. He 
was the Republican leader of the Senate, not for New 
England only, but for the entire country as well. His 
counsel was keeping his party free alike from the snare 
of government by centralized autocratic bureaucracy and 
the delusion of anarchy, inspired by the belief that 
liberty and rights of citizens can be protected without 
government 

By training and experience Senator Gallinger was 
especially fitted to render impartial and unprejudiced 
public service. The 81 years he lived spanned the inter- 
val between a Nation staggering under the menace of dis- 
union and a Nation mighty in the perfect unity and single- 
ness of purpose which he helped to maintain. 

During that interval he toiled to harmonize tlie dis- 
cordant elements among the people of his country. He 
was not one of those who made patriotism an excuse for 
brutal excesses or arbitrary tyranny. Patriotism with him 
meant greater love of home, greater love of humanity, 
and the ultimate brotherhood of man. It is therefore 
peculiarly fitting that on this Sabbath Day we rest from 
our legislative work to do him honor. 

[105] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator G.\llinger 

Senator Gallinger stood apart from those who believe 
that government can do no wrong, and while in other 
countries that element has decreased in recent years in 
our own countrj- their numbers have increased. They 
are dangerous in any countr3% and if predominant will 
destroy any form of government where the people rule. 
They may leave the shadow, but the substance of self- 
government — individual libertj' and the rights of citi- 
zens — will be gradually lost. 

The gi-eatest public ofFicials are true servants of the peo- 
ple, faithful to that ideal. They do not ride the wave of 
thoughtless popular approval, but steadfastly pursue that 
course which serv^es the permanent interests of all. Sena- 
tor G.allinger stood firmly for the inalienable sovereignty 
of the people and their inherent rights. He was conspicu- 
ous in abiding by the principle that government should 
exist for the sake of the people and not the people for 
the sake of the government, and that the holders of capi- 
tal also should be wage earners and wage earners holders 
of capital. 

Success crowned his public career, a success that is 
shared by everj' citizen of the United States, because it 
was founded on service for others. Believing that public 
office was merely a greater opportunity for larger service 
to the people. Senator Gallinger was a leader to be loved 
and trusted. It is through the influence of such men that 
representative government, that liberty, that freedom of 
speech and press are maintained. 

He believed that the producers of the world's wealth, 
not the spenders and manipulators of wealth, should 
direct the conduct of national affairs. He lived and 
worked to consers'e and improve the political, economic, 
and social structure of the Nation. Always he opposed 
unbridled license, and with strength and patience fought 
to maintain the liberty of the people under the Con- 
stitution. 

[106] 



Address of Mr. Woods, of Iowa 



His final resting place is in the hills of New Hampshire 
that he loved, and ever will be held in tender memory and 
respect not only by those who knew him as a neighbor 
and friend but also by a Nation which knows the im- 
press of his strength of character, his magnanimity, his 
self-control, and his fidelity to high principle and duty 
throughout a lifelong public career. 



[107] 



Address of Mr. Cannon, of Illinois 

Mr. Speaker: Two men have crossed over in the last 
few months who were truly great men — one from Illinois, 
John A. Sterling, the other from New Hampshire, Senator 
Jacob H. Gallinger; one a lawyer, the other a physician 
by profession; both of them school-teachers in early life; 
one well grounded in the legal profession, the other well 
grounded in the medical profession — who later on in life 
were selected on account of their ability and high charac- 
ter for services in the Congress. Senator Gallinger served 
in this House two terms, and then he served, I believe, 
continuously in the Senate of the United States until 
his death. Each one sei^^ed his constituency well. They 
could not have served their respective constituencies 
well without serving all the people of the United States 
well. A Senator represents one State and a Representa- 
tive serves one district, but when we come down to it, 
whether it be in the Senate or in the House, whether a 
man comes from far-away California, or way down East 
in Maine, or in New Hampshire, or from the central por- 
tion of the countrj', he votes for legislation that spreads 
over the whole countrj', and we are just as much inter- 
ested from a practical standpoint in every one of tlie 435 
districts, each of which sends a Representative to the 
House, or to any of the 96 Senators, as we are in those 
whom we select from our respective States and districts. 
I believe that through all these years that I have served 
in the House that on the average in the House and in 
the Senate the people who were chosen have represented 
the public sentiment of the respective States and districts 
first, and second, and on all fours with the public senti- 
ment, have represented the whole people. 

[108] 



Address of Mr. Cannon, of Illinois 



And, eveiything considered, I believe the average repre- 
sentation in both House and Senate measures the average 
sentiment and intelligence of those who send them here. 
Sometimes there is complaint that there are too many 
lawyers in Congress. Well, there are a good many law- 
yers in Congress, but they are selected not because they 
are lawyers but because they have to do with voting for 
legislation. Some people say there are too many busi- 
ness men in Congress; that there are too many farmers, 
and so on. Now, the whole object of our Government 
is to enable us to live under laws which under our fixed 
law, the Constitution, will protect the weak and the 
strong. God forbid that it should ever be to the contrary. 
And it never will be to the contrary while our form of 
government lasts. 

There are certain great characters in war and in 
peace — Presidents, Members of Congress, and the coor- 
dinate branch of the Government, the judiciary, that stand 
out in histoi-y and will continue to stand out in histoiy. 
But, after all, it is the one hundred millions of people, 
plus now, that select tlie men who are to legislate and 
who are to fill the Executive chair and, in the end, under 
the Constitution, hold the judiciary positions. And those 
places will not be more worthily filled than by the major- 
ity sentiment, the common sentiment, of the people who 
.give men tlieir commission. George Washington, the 
Father of his Country; Alexander Hamilton; Thomas Jef- 
ferson; Patrick Henry; the Adamses, all dwell in history', 
but we would not have gotten far if it had not been for 
the Continental Army. We would not have had a Con- 
stitution if it had not been for the wise men who framed 
it and the people who ratified it. After all is said and 
done, men whose names are forgotten, great masses of 
men, the average population of the country, selected those 
great characters who performed the function that was 



[109] 



Memorial Addresses : Senator Gallinger 

cast upon them, and they did it well. I fancy if you 
would call the roll of the membership of the House of 
Representatives you would find that nine-tenths of them, 
under the hand of necessity earlj' in life, learned to make 
their way by labor, physical and mental. I know the 
Illinois delegation pretty well. They are descendants, in 
the main, of pioneers — a great folk. From one ocean to 
the other we arc still pioneering; we are crossing the con- 
tinent; we are settling up the area of the United States in 
order that we can continue to take care of the great in- 
crease in population for a thousand years and live, if 
we are forced to do so, within ourselves. We have not 
been forced to do so, but we could. 

Now, these two men, John Sterling, school-teacher, law- 
jer, and legislator, on the one hand, and Senator Gallin- 
ger, having pretty much the same kind of training that 
Sterling had, were both strong factors. While Senator 
Gallinger was not a lawyer, practically he was quite six 
while other men were half a dozen in framing legislation. 
They did not lack industry. The two men in many re- 
spects were alike. They or any of us, substantially, will 
not live as Webster will live in history or as Jefferson will 
live in history, but Webster and Jefferson and all of those 
people could not have succeeded so well if it had not been 
for their forbears that stood for them and by them. And 
so in speaking of the whole people we must consider them, 
as being competent for self-government. There never was 
a man bright enough and strong enough to develop an- 
other's legs by walking for him, and there never will be. 
A child when he learns to walk can be instructed and 
aided, but he must do his own walking and his own 
growing. 

John Sterling was my personal and political friend 
and I was his. 1 recollect the night before the election in 



[110] 



Address of Mr. Cannon, of Illinois 



the campaign of two years ago, when I closed it at Blooni- 
ington, in his district, at which there was a wonderful dem- 
onstration. That was tlie night before the election. They 
had been talking that there was a hot contest that prom- 
ised to defeat Mr. Sterling. But he came out of it with a 
greatly increased majority not by virtue of what 1 said but 
by virtue of his ability, character, and service. 

We only know about to-day. What of the future? I 
believe there is a future. 1 believe that each man, each 
human entity, finds its place amongst those like unto it. 
That is my faith. I am not a believer in people being cast 
in a fiery furnace that is a thousand times hotter than the 
one in which Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego were cast 
and being burned forever and ever. No; no. We all hope, 
and that is the strong evidence, for life hereafter. 

Some time ago I had the pleasure of dining, on the invi- 
tation of Representative Porter, of Pittsburgh, with a great 
manufacturer and a great business man. There were 
present, if I recollect, 18 or 20 guests at his house here in 
Washington. The guest of honor was Mr. Brashears. 
That gentleman is the great lens maker of the world. He 
commenced life as a puddler, but in off hours he turned 
his attention to the stars. He married, but there were no 
children. As he studied the stars and began to make 
lenses his wife was his assistant. He made great progress 
in his art. He made the great lens for the Lick Observa- 
tory, and other great lenses have been made in his labora- 
tory. We made him do most of the talking by asking him 
questions, first by one and then another. 

I asked him, " How far can you see into space with the 
strongest lens that you have produced?" He said the 
strongest lens ever produced in the world was produced 
at Pittsburgh in his laboratory. I said, " How far does 
that lens reach into space? " " Ah," said he, " I am some- 



[111] 



Memori.\l Addresses: Senator G.\llixger 

thing of a mathematician; we know the velocity of light; 
that lens can reach so far that if a sun in space were to be 
extinguished this minute the light that started from that 
sun would not reach the earth for fifteen hundred years. 
Space is but another word for something without 
boundaiy." 

Then somebody asked him, " \\"hen was it that your 
wife died?" He answered, " Two years ago." Then some- 
bodj- asked, "Where is she buried?" His answer was, 
" Beneath the laboratory. And there I shall be buried, 
and on my wife's memorial " — in substance I give the 
words. " We have searched the stars togethei-, worked 
together, made lenses together; we have become familiar 
with space, so far as human eye by human invention and 
aid will allow; and that Power which made the universe 
and placed law upon it will care for us after this life." 

So I have faith to believe that that Power will care for 
Senator Gallinger, will care for John A. Sterling, will 
care for the loved ones that have crossed over. I do not 
know; perhaps I am not orthodox. We can not shape our 
future lives except as we come under general law, and the 
great First Cause that called matter into being was not 
only wise but omnipotent, which means just and merciful. 
It is a favorite thought with me with respect to my loved 
ones, when I think about them, who have been crossing 
over, it seems to me, eveiy few j-ears since I can re- 
member, that I shall meet them there. Such is the uni- 
versal desire. While the legislative record of our de- 
ceased colleague here, Mr. Sterling, and of the honored 
and able Senator G.\llinger is lodged in the official ar- 
chives of the House and Senate, while we sympathize with 
the friends that survive, yet if we are welded by work, by 
wisdom, by fidelitj', crossed on courage, I shall hope and 
be content if we can reach men in the great eternity like 
unto Senator Gallinger and John A. Sterling. 

[112] 



Proceedings in the House 



Mr. Burroughs. Mr. Speaker, in view of the fact tliat 
several gentlemen wished to have an opportunity to speak 
to-day, but for some reason or another were unable to be 
here, I ask unanimous consent that they have leave to 
extend their remarks in the Record. 

The Spe.\ker pro tempore. Is there objection? [After a 
pause.] The Chair hears none. 

Therefore, in accordance with the resolution heretofore 
adopted, the House (at 4 o'clock and 30 minutes p. m.) 
adjourned until Monday, January 20, 1919, at 12 o'clock 
noon. 

Monday, January 20, 1919. 

A message from the Senate, by Mr. Waldorf, its enroll- 
ing clerk, announced that the Senate had passed the fol- 
lowing resolutions : 

Resolved, That the Senate expresses its profound sorrow in 
the death of the Hon. Jacou H. Gallinger, late a Senator from the 
State of New Hampshire. 

Resolved, Tliat as a mark of respect to the memory of the 
deceased the Senate, in pursuance of an order heretofore made, 
assembles to enable his associates to pay proper tribute to his 
high character and distinguished public services. 

Resolved, That the Secretary communicate these resolutions to 
the House of Representatives and transmit a copy thereof to the 
family of the deceased. 

Resolved, That as a further mark of respect to the memory of 
the deceased tlie Senate do now adjourn. 



115066°— 19 8 [113] 



DEATH OF SENATOR GALLINGER 



[From the Manchester IS. H.) Union] 

Fr.\nklin, August IS. — United States Senator Jacob H. G.\l- 
LiNGER died at a hospital here at 1.30 o'clock Saturday morning. 

When Senator Gallinger returned from Washington to his sum- 
mer home at Salisbury Heights, near here, in July, he was in poor 
health. A few days ago his condition become so much worse that, 
upon advice of his physician, he was brought to a hospital here. 

Death was attributed to arteriosclerosis. He was 81 years of 
age. » 

At the Senator's bedside was Mrs. Ralph Gallinger, widow of 
Senator Gallinger's only son, who was killed in an automobile 
accident a few years ago. 

The Senator's summer home at Salisbury Heights commands a 
magnificent view of Kearsarge Mountain, and a few years ago Sen- 
ator Gallinger induced the United States Geographic Board to 
institute researches which resulted in its order settling a famous 
controversy and giving this peak exclusive right to its name and 
designating as Pequawket the Carroll County mountain which had 
for some years been called Kearsarge by many persons. 

The funeral will be held at the First Baptist Church at Concord 
on Wednesday at 2 p. m. The body was removed to Concord 
to-day. 

Senator Gallinger is survived by his daughter, Mrs. Harry A. 
Norton, of Winchester, Mass. 

Senator Jacob Harold Gallinger was the oldest Member of the 
United States Senate both in years and in point of service. Ever 
since 1891 he had been a conspicuous Hgurc in the Senate, taking 
not only a leading part in its discussions but ranking as a domi- 
nating figure in its leadership and in the counsels of the Repub- 
lican Party. As minority leader the Senator had been active until 
quite recently, despite his advancing years. 

Born on a farm at Cornwall, Ontario, 81 years ago, he crossed the 
border to the United States early in life. He was a printer first, 
then studied medicine and practiced as a physician and surgeon 
for 23 years. In 1872 he entered the New Hampshire House of 

[115] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator G.\llinger 

Representatives, beginning political activities that continued to 
the end of his life. Gallinger made the seconding speech for Ben- 
jamin Harrison for President in the Republican national conven- 
tion of 1888, and frequently was a delegate to the national con- 
ventions. A military title he bore in the early days when he was 
surgeon general of the New Hampshire Guards — brigadier gen- 
eral — was forgotten during his Washington career, where he was 
proud of the title of " Doctor." He served in the House in the 
Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses. 

During his continuous service of 27 years in the Senate he had 
been active on the committees dealing with finance, appropria- 
tions, rules, and government of the District of Columbia. He 
fought long for his ocean mail subsidy bill to build up the Ameri- 
can merchant marine, and it passed the Senate only to fail in the 
House. He was the Rtepublican nominee for President pro tem- 
pore of the Senate in 1911. Two months later, when his son, 
Ralph Gallinger, was killed in an automobile accident, he suffered 
so greatly from depression that his friends were anxious over his 
condition for a long time. 

Always forceful in his public declarations, Mr. Gallinger cre- 
ated a sensation by telling the Senate Lobby Committee in 1913 
that President Wilson has come " perilously near lobbying " in 
connection with the tariff bill. He declared that during his 4 
years in the House and 22 years in the Senate he had never en- 
countered improper influences nor lobby methods and that he 
had " no interests outside of a little rock farm in New Hampshire," 
where he raised hay and apples. 

The Senator made a long fight against confirmation of George S. 
Rublee, of New Hampshire, as a member of the Federal Trade 
Commission, which eventually resulted in Mr. Rublee leaving the 
board after serving without confirmation and on recess appoint- 
ment. 

During the war Senator Gallinger had stood with the President 
on national defense matters. He had pending a resolution for a 
day of prayer for welfare of the American cause in the war. 

Senator Gallinger married, in 1860, Mary Anna Bailey, of Salis- 
bury, who died in Washington in 1907. 



[116] 



FUNERAL SERVICES 



[From the Concord Evening Monitor, Aug. 22, 1918] 

Federal, State, and city governments were represented in the 
large assemblage of personal, political, and business friends at 
the funeral of Senator Jacob H. Gallinger, which was held from 
the First Baptist Church in this city this afternoon at 2 o'clock. 

Long before the hour of the funeral the edifice was filled to 
overflowing and hundreds paid their respects to New Hampshire's 
venerable, beloved, and highly esteemed statesman, who for over 
a quarter of a century represented the Granite State in the United 
States Senate, by standing in the halls and outside of the church. 

In glowing terms, Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, of Massachu- 
setts, for many years a close friend of the deceased, paid a tribute 
to his memory when at the service he pronounced the eulog>-. 

The service was very simple, even without vocal music, the 
several selections rendered by the organist completing the musical 
part of the service. 

Rev. Walter Crane Myers, pastor of the church, officiated and 
was unassisted. 

FROM NATION AND STATE 

From early morning people in every walk of life had arrived 
from all parts of the State and Nation to pay their last respects 
to the deceased. It seemed to them, no doubt, a duty as well as 
a privilege to mourn for one who had striven so hard to lead his 
fellow men in the right direction. 

At 11 o'clock this morning the body was taken from the home- 
stead on North State Street to the State capitol, where it rested in 
Doric Hall until 1 o'clock to be viewed by the public. 

No formality was connected with the removal of the body from 
the home, with the exception that a military guard, consisting of 
members of the local company of the State Guard, acted as an 
escort. 

IN THE STATEHOUSE 

In the statehouse Senator Gallinger's body was allowed to lie 
in state immediately in front of the main entrance to the building, 
about two-thirds back in the hall. 

[117] 



Memorial Addresses : Senator Gallinger 

On the right side of the casket was the American emblem and 
New Hampshire's State flag was on the other. 

Banked in the rear of the casket were two large pieces, one 
from the United States Senate, which consisted of a large wreath 
of Killarney roses, and another from the family. 

State Guard members were on duty about the casket and at the 
entrances to the building while the body lay in state, this part 
of the program having been arranged by Adjt. Gen. Charles W. 
Howard and Capt. James J. Quinn. 

G. A. R. VETERANS 

Included among the many who visited the capitol when the body 
rested there were great numbers of Grand Army veterans, a class 
of men the late Senator befriended more, perhaps, than any other. 

To facilitate the handling of the large crowd, arrangements 
had been made for people to enter the building through the main 
entrance, passing in front of the body and filing out through the 
south rear entrance, which had been kept closed until its opening 
to-day since the declaration of war. 

As a mark of respect all the offices in the statehouse were closed 
while the body was in the building, and a tribute was also paid 
to the deceased by the business men of the city, who closed their 
establishments at 11 o'clock this morning. 

There was no ceremony when the body was removed from the 
capitol, the doors being closed at 1 o'clock, and through the rear 
entrances to the building the body was taken to an awaiting 
hearse, in which it was borne under military escort to the church 
where the funeral services were held. 

A large delegation of members from Company M of the State 
Guard were on duty at the statehouse, the detail being under the 
command of First Sergt. Henry McFarland. The military bearers 
were Sergt. Charles F. Thompson, Sergt. Edward H. Larkin, Sergt. 
Joseph G. Jones, Sergt. Warren L. Peckham, Sergt. Albert Schou, 
and Corpl. James H. Holland. 

THE pallbearers 

It was not until after the funeral service that the body was 
turned over by the military guard to the civilian pallbearers, 
who were Clinton R. Thompson, Washington, D. C; Edward M. 
Cogswell, Edward K. Woodworth, Arthur H. Britton, Concord; 



[118] 



Funeral Services 



Thomas F. Clifford, Franklin; Dr. Charles Duncan, Concord; John 
G. M. Glessner, Bethlehem; Harry G. Emmons, Concord. 

The honorary bearers were Hon. Henry W. Keyes, Haverhill; 
Hon. Fred W. Estabrook, Nashua; Hon. Frank N. Pearsons, Frank- 
lin; Hon. Benjamin A. Kimball, Concord; Hon. Walter M. Parker, 
Manchester; Col. Alfred F. Howard, Portsmouth; Dr. Charles R. 
Walker, Concord; Gen. John H. Brown, Concord; Hon. Clarence 
E. Carr, Andover; Gen. William F. Thayer, Concord; Col. James 
0. Lyford, Concord; Hon. William J. .\hern, Concord. 

In the church the ushers were Hon. George H. Moses, Benjamin 
C. White, Harry H. Dudley, Josiah E. Fernald, Eben M. Willis, 
Eugene W. Leach, George A. S. Kimball, Concord. 

The floral tributes were many and extremely beautiful, and in- 
cluded set pieces from prominent citizens and officials of the 
State and Nation, as well as from fraternal bodies with which the 
Senator was affiliated. 

AT THE GRAVE 

At the grave in Blossom Hill Cemetery there was a brief com- 
mittal service, which was conducted by Rev. Dr. Myers. In the 
family lot where Senator Gallinger was buried were also buried 
his wife and four sons. 

The official delegation at the funeral was headed by Gov. Keyes 
and Charles W. Varney and William D. Swart, of Nashua, members 
of his council, and included nearly all of the State officials. Mayor 
Charles J. French headed the city delegation. 

Representing Massachusetts at the funeral was State Treasurer 
Charles H. Burrill, who came as the personal representative of 
Gov. Sanmel W. McCall. 

The senatorial delegation had 18 members, but in the party 
which came to the city on special cars from Washington were 
as many more, giving Congress a large representation. 

The arrangements for the funeral were made by Hon. Arthur P. 
Morrill, speaker of the house of representatives at the last session 
of the general court, and Hon. Benjamin W. Couch, both of whom 
are of this city, and who for many years have been in close touch 
with the Senator. 

THE SENATORIAL DELEG.\TION 

Among the United States Senators in attendance at the funeral 
were Senator Knute Nelson, of Minnesota; Senator Boies Penrose, 



[119] 



Memori.\l Addresses: Senator Gaixinger 



of Pennsylvania; Senator Furnifold M. Simmons, of North Caro- 
lina; Senator Lee S. Overman, of North Carolina; Senator Reed 
Smoot, of Utah; Senator John Walter Smith, of Maryland; Senator 
Miles Poindexter, of Washington; Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, of 
Massachusetts; Senator William P. Dillingham, of Vermont; Sen- 
ator Charles Curtis, of Kansas; Senator John W. Weeks, of Massa- 
chusetts; Senator Joseph L France, of Maryland; Senator Thomas 
P. Gore, of Oklahoma. 

The Congressmen here for the funeral included Thomas Gal- 
lagher, of Illinois; A. T. Treadway, Michael F. Phelan, and Wil- 
liam Greene, of Massachusetts; Sherman E. Burroughs and Edward 
H. Wason, of New Hampshire; Porter H. Dale, of Vermont; and 
Charles B. Timberlake, of Colorado. 

Accompanying the party to this city was ex-United States 
Senator Theodore Burton, of Ohio. 

With the senatorial delegation were Sergeant at Arms Charles 
P. Higgins and Assistant Sergeant at Arms Carl A. LoeSler, of the 
Senate, and with the congressional delegation were Sergeant at 
Arms R. B. Goddard and Assistant Sergeant at Arms H. W. Ketron, 
of the House. 

Among the well-known men here was Hon. Samuel E. Pingree, 
of Hartford, Vt., an ex-governor of that State and for many years 
a close friend of the late Senator William E. Chandler and Sen- 
ator G.\I.LINGER. 

With the death of Senator G.a^llinger, said David L. Jewell, of 
Wollaston, Mass., who was in the city to-day for the funeral, but 
two members of the statT of Gov. Head are now living, the other 
member being R. T. Cruft, of Bethlehem. 



OUR DISTINGUISHED DEAD 

[Editorial from the Concord Evening Monitor of Aug. 21, 1918] 

In behalf of the State of New Hampshire, Gov. Keyes bestowed 
worthily a great honor when he offered Doric Hall in the capitol 
for the lying in state of the body of Senator Gallinger. It was 
eminently fitting that one who had served the State so long and 
so well should receive under its ofTicial roof the last tribute from 
so many of his fellow citizens, admirers, and friends. 

Memory recalls but one other instance of similar honor paid 
by and in this State. Almost 50 years ago, in 1869, the body of 



[120] 



Funeral Services 



Franklin Pierce, the only President given by New Hampshire to 
the Nation, lay in state in Doric Hall prior to the funeral services 
in St. Paul's Episcopal Church. 

All of the clergy participating in that service, all of the bearers, 
and all of the carriers are dead. Judge William M. Chase, the last 
survivor, having passed away within the year. But there are 
more than a few still living in Concord who were among the 
great number visiting the statehouse on that day to look for the 
last time upon the face of President Pierce. Their recollections 
agree as to the impressive solemnity of the occasion and the de- 
gree to which differences of opinion over the course of the dead 
statesman at the end of his career were forgotten in the face of 
death. 

There was nothing to forgive or forget in the case of Senator 
Gallinger. No one ever questioned his loyalty to, and love for, 
his city. State, and Nation. And to all who thought upon the 
matter it seemed very fitting that the building within which he 
entered pubhc life almost half a century before should witness 
his final passing from the scene of his untiring industry and great 
achievements. 



[121] 



TRIBUTES 



[From the Concord Evening Monitor] 

By President Wilson 

A tribute to the memory of Senator Gallinger was paid by 
President Wilson in a telegram of condolence received on Satur- 
day by Mrs. Jeanette K. Gallinger, which read: 

" Please accept my warmest sympathy in your great loss. 
Senator Gallinger has rendered long and distinguished public 
service and his death will make a great difference in the public 
councils." 



By Gov. Keyes, of New Hampshire 

The history of the State of New Hampshire contains no record 
of public service longer or more distinguished than that of 
United States Senator Jacob H. Gallinger, whose death this morn- 
ing brings to all of us a keen sense of personal grief and a full 
appreciation of the great loss which State and Nation have sus- 
tained by his decease. 

In every fiber of his being, Senator Gallinger was loyal to his 
constituents and to his country. Throughout a period of oiTicial 
service almost without parallel for length and usefulness, he gave 
himself absolutely, with all his great ability, untiring industry, 
and vast experience, to promoting the public good through the 
machinery of State and National Government. 

His record is an honor to himself and to New Hampshire and 
will be an inspiration to all who read the history of the times in 
which he was so prominent a figure. 



By Gov. McCall, of Massachusetts 

I have been acquainted with Senator Gallinger for many 
years. He was a sturdy, self-reliant, and able man. The Senator 
was an unflinching Republican. The passing so near to each 
other of Senator Gallinger and Senator Chandler, who long were 
colleagues, was a striking coincidence. 

[123] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator Gallinoer 
Senator Gallinger 

[Editorial in the Concord Evening Monitor of Aug. 17, 1918] 

New Hampshire and the Nation hear with equally deep sorrow 
and profound regret of the death of Jacob H. Gallixger, dean of 
the United States Senate, devoted patriot, able statesman, and 
faithful and indefatigable public servant. He died, as he would 
have wished to die, in the harness, only a few weeks after his 
return from active participation and leadership in one of the most 
arduous and important sessions of Congress which his 30 years 
in Washington had witnessed. 

His was a truly remarkable career, which will live in the 
history of his country and as well as of his State. Born in Can- 
ada in 1837, one of a large family on a small farm, he was of 
necessity self-supporting at the earliest possible age and, like 
another eminent statesman, Benjamin Franklin, he learned the 
printer's trade, and worked at the case for a few years. But 
ambition stirred within him and he determined to fit himself for 
a profession, that of medicine. The hard work which was his 
characteristic through life gave him his degree of doctor of medi- 
cine at 21, and he practiced the healing art until his true path in 
life was opened before him by his entrance into politics. 

As a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives, 
constitutional convention, and State Senate, as a member of the 
National House of Representatives, and as United States Senator 
since March 4, 1891, he displayed a positive talent for public life, 
to which he added tremendous industry and a genuine desire to 
serve to the best of his ability his fellow men and the public 
good. 

Senator Gallinger was a sincere believer in the necessity of 
political party organization for carrying on our form of govern- 
ment. Of such organization he was a master, and as long-time 
chairman of the Republican State committee and member of the 
Republican national committee from New Harapsliire he con- 
tributed very largely to the record of party success in State and 
Nation during the past 50 years. 

But Senator Gallinger was very far from being merely a 
politician, and his record at Washington for constructive states- 
manship, high-minded leadership, and useful legislation is one of 
which his State has every reason to be proud. A stanch friend, 



[124] 



Tributes 



a good citizen, a stalwart supporter of every worthy cause, the 
death of Jacob H. Gallinger is a great loss and inspires genuine 
grief in a multitude of hearts. 



"The Chief" 

[Editorial in the Concord Evening Monitor of Aug. 19, 1918] 

Born in Canada and recording himself in his official biography 
as " of German ancestry," Senator Jacoh H. Gallinger was a real 
American. 

The Republic, to which he came as an ambitious youth and 
•whose opportunities for education and advancement he grasped 
so eagerly and made so much of, was more than a symbol to 
him; it was a living embodiment of all that which his ardent 
spirit had visualized; and to the end of his days he never ceased 
to hold the Union and its welfare as the chief concerns of his 
thought and devotion. His was a magnetic temperament and his 
quality of leadership was early demonstrated. As a youth at the 
printer's case, even while he battled for his professional train- 
ing, he stood foremost among the group in which he found him- 
self; and when he began the useful years which he spent as a 
physician this quality at once manifested itself and contributed 
not a little to his success. 

It was altogether natural, therefore, that the larger field of 
public life should open to him spontaneously, so to say; and more 
than half of all his years and a far larger proportion of his ma- 
ture life were claimed by a constituency which, beginning with 
his neighbors in his own ward in Concord, expanded through 
the State senatorial district in which he lived, through the con- 
gressional district which he served so well, through the State 
whose commission he bore so long and so worthily, and through 
the Nation, where, as much as any one man of his generation, he 
received the honors which attend great national leadership. 

In addition to the naturally attractive qualities which centered 
attention upon his personality, he possessed an alert and a per- 
ceptive mind, and liis great passion for industry enabled him to 
store his brain with an encyclopedic knowledge of history, of 
political precedent, of parliamentary practice, and of widely 
ranged facts of all useful kinds which made him at once the admi- 
ration and the despair of those who measured wits with him in 
debate or in conversation. 



[125] 



Memorial Addresses : Senator Gai.linger 



He had a wonderful gift of expression, and when he drew upon 
his profound knowledge and wide experience and took the floor 
of the Senate or tlie platform of a political meeting he both cap- 
tivated and convinced his hearers. The range of topics with 
which he dealt within the course of his public life, whether he 
spoke in running debate or in set speech or in formal address in 
other places than his seat in the Senate, demonstrated constantly 
not only his powers of oratory but the well-buttressed intellectual 
foundation upon which he built the structure of his great career. 

But his intellect was never cold. A generous vein of humor 
always played through his mental processes; and he was moved 
by sentiment as are all men who for long succeed in winning and 
retaining a wide circle of stanch friends and loyal supporters. 
His nature was impulsive and affectionate, and when the full 
record of his life is scanned, whether now in the first shock of his 
taking away or in the reasoned perspective of the years that are 
to come, it will be found that equally with his great mind it was 
his noble heart that contributed most to his unexampled success. 

And it is because of this quality that the mourning for him will 
be the more general and sincere. A little group of those who 
always stood about him and who turned to him for inspiration 
and guidance have, for many years, hailed him in terms of affec- 
tionate loyalty as " The Chief." And such in truth he was, not 
only to those who made use of the endearing title, but to those 
who, in New Hampshire or throughout the Nation, found them- 
selves in company with him upon any occasion when men's minds 
and souls have been called upon for service. — G. H. M. 



Jacob H. Gallixger 

[Editorial — The Manchester (X. H.) Union] 

When Jacob H. Gallinger was in the full vigor of his robust 
physical strength and was the uncompromising champion of a set 
of political ideas around which he had shaped his structure of 
political belief, we often differed, and took issue with him. To- 
day, in the presence of death, we hardly think of these things. 
At many points we did not agree. WTiat of it? There was some 
central, guiding principle in this stalwart campaigner and Senator 
that enabled him to have and hold loyal political support and 



[126] 



Tributes 



enduring personal friendship. That was the real man, whatever 
it was, and it is what we would recall in the hours of his passing. 

Perhaps there will be difTerence of opinion on this matter. We 
speak from the point of view of a difTerenl political school than 
that of the Senator. And standing here, and looking back over 
the more recent years of controversy between men of ultra- 
conservative habits and those of liberal, progressive views, we 
think of Senator Gallinger as an inflexible fighter for certain 
principles which he imbibed many years ago, and as a fighter 
using methods of " open warfare." One could almost always tell 
where Senator Gallinger stood, and how he would vote. Not 
because he was stubbornly " set in his ways," but because his life 
was not one of caprice or emotion, but one of obedience to fixed 
political ideas pertaining to both the objects and methods of 
political action. 

In this respect he differed in no wise from many other extreme 
conservatives, but he had a certain candor, which all do not 
possess, and which heightened the effect of his conservatism. He 
was utterly and avowedly uncompromising with reference to per- 
sons and ideas which threatened the traditional beliefs and 
processes. So it often occurred that while we differed with him 
we had respect for the qualities in him that kept him out in the 
open, a friend or a foe who could be depended upon as a friend 
or a foe. 

It is worth noting, too, that this quality in Senator Gallinger 
was appreciated and respected by men of other parties as well as 
by his fellow Republicans. He was a Republican of Republicans, 
but he held the esteem of Democrats, as was more than once 
evidenced in his long and active career in politics. 

One thing in Senator Gallinger's record we wish to recall. He 
was a stalwart protagonist of the idea of an American merchant 
marine. Always, in season and out of season, he championed the 
return of the United States to the seas. As we pointed out in these 
columns recently, had he been listened to the United States would 
not be transporting more than half its troops in British ships, as 
is being done at present. His interest in shipping never flagged. 
This was characteristic, ^\1lat he believed he believed always, 
and he fought for it, openly and resolutely, win or lose, asking no 
odds, and utterly discouraging any help that might come to him 
were he to compromise with men of less conservative views. 



[127] 



1Memori.\l Addresses: Senator G.\llinger 
By James 0. Lyford 

[From the Nashua Telegraph, reprinted in the Concord Evening Monitor, Aug. 

23, 1918] 

Senator Gallinger made the supreme sacrifice for his country 
just as effectively as though his life had been given on the field 
of battle. 

Duty stood ahead of any personal consideration. At the last 
session of Congress he arose from a sick bed at the risk of his 
life to record his vote on a war measure, and from that time until 
the day he returned from Washington to his home in New 
Hampshire he sacrificed personal comfort that he might be of 
service to his State and Nation. Ignoring the appeals of his fel- 
low Senators, both Democrats and Republicans, that he seek 
needed rest, he remained at his post regardless of any risk to 
himself. He would not have had it otherwise, if he could have 
ordered the dispensation that closed his career, for his whole life 
was one of helpfulness to his fellow men. 

It is not the time nor the place to paj' appropriate tribute to the 
public service of Senator Gallinger. Starting from the printer's 
case and climbing step by step to the highest official honors that 
could be conferred upon one not a native-born citizen is a record 
that can not be adequately treated in a newspaper article that 
speaks of the public and private loss that comes to New Hamp- 
shire and the Nation by reason of the death of Senator Gallinger. 
Public men are frequentlj- admired for their brilliant attainments 
and service, but it is rare that to this admiration is added a per- 
sonal affection such as clung to the senior Senator from New 
Hampshire all through his distinguished career. The light and 
the cheer that as a physician he brought to the sick room were 
the attributes that made him lasting friendships in after life. 

It was the privilege of the writer to become acquainted with 
Senator Gallinger about the time that the latter was first elected 
to the New Hampshire Legislature of 1872, and to have served 
with him in the constitutional convention of 1876. From that 
time there began a friendship which continued uninterrupted to 
the day of his death. Also it was my pleasure to have been of 
some assistance to him in his efforts to attain the honors so well 
bestowed upon him by his State. In writing my thoughts of him 
to-day, I am but voicing the universal regard with which he was 
held by the people of New Hampshire. 



[128] 



Tributes 



In a State like our own, which for so many years has been the 
scene of strenuous and oftentimes bitter contests and of so many 
conflicting ambitions, it would be natural that there should be 
grievous disappointments and unpleasant memories. For nearly 
half a century Senator Gallinger was. of necessity in the thick 
of the contest, yet when the smoke of battle rolled away there was 
not a citizen of the Stale who did not feel free to call upon Sen- 
ator Gallinger for service, and that service was freely rendered 
to anyone who sought his help. Political and partisan an- 
tagonisms were forgotten in the kindly greeting that always was 
given by him to supporter or opponent alike. He cherished no 
lasting resentments for deeds done in the heat of a political con- 
test. If anything, he erred on the side of forgiving those who 
with malice did him injury. 

There was no interest of the State too small not to receive his 
personal thought and consideration, nor was there any citizen so 
humble that his welfare and his request did not obtain the Sen- 
ator's attention. From the time that he first entered public life 
he gave of himself for others with a cheerfulness that was re- 
warded by lasting friendships. The votes that were given him 
in repeated elections were not alone votes of confidence in his 
ability and fitness for the positions to which he aspired, but the 
votes of those who loved the man as they might love a brother. 

When he was transferred! to the national field of service, the 
qualities that endeared him to his fellow citizens of New Hamp- 
shire won him the aflections of his fellow Senators. Here, as at 
home, he secured the honors that came to him by his industry. 
Senator Gallinger constantly grew in usefulness and strength as 
a public man, and he finally became the dean and leader of the 
Senate. He did not attain this leadership by any one brilliant 
achievement but by an evolution of himself, an ever ripening of 
intellectual faculties. He continually broadened in the public 
service. This is the universal testimony of his colleagues of the 
Senate. This development caused neither envy nor jealousy 
among his associates, because his advice always came in the 
form of kindly and modest suggestion, while he was ever con- 
siderate of the opinions of others. As a parliamentarian and as 
a debater Senator Gallinger was the peer of all his fellow Sen- 
ators. Yet it was the confidence and affection that he inspired 
that contributed most to his leadership in that body. 



115066°— 19 9 [129] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator Gallinger 

Senators of long service are apt to grow away from the people 
and to become impatient in their large duties and responsibilities 
of the small requests of their constituents. This was never true 
of Senator Gallinger. Often while seated at his desk watching 
the parliamentary procedure on some important question before 
the Senate, he wrote letters with his own hand to people in New 
Hampshire, letters in reply to appeals for assistance, letters of 
inquiry for their welfare, letters of sympathy for their afQictions, 
and letters of congratulation over their success. There are people 
of the State who have such letters written during the past 
months, when he struggled to forget his physical suffering in his 
efforts to brighten and cheer the daily life of his friends and 
fellow men. 

Senator Gallinger achieved his exalted station in life by per- 
sistent labor and by constant growth in the service he could per- 
form. At no time in his long career had he shown more capacity 
for public work than since his last reelection to the Senate. His 
associates and friends could see that responsibilities were telling 
on his wonderful physique. Their warnings were in vain. He 
had been forced against his inclination to seek a sixth term in the 
Senate, and with his reelection came the feelings always with 
him that all he had in strength and attainments should be given 
in return for the continued mark of confidence of his fellow 
citizens. 

The loss to the State and to the Nation in Senator Gallinger's 
death is great; but the larger loss comes to the thousands of 
people throughout the country who have been individually bene- 
fited by his service and helpfulness and who have known his ' 
friendship and affection. Blended with the public sorrow is the 
personal grief for one whose whole life was a benediction of 
kindly deeds. To have secured and retained such a breadth of 
friendship, such a warmth of affection, during an active public 
career of nearly 50 years, with its storms and trials, is, indeed, 
a greater achievement than to have reached, as Senator Gallinger 
did, the highest honors that his fellow citizens could bestow 
upon him. 



[130] 



Tributes 



By Converse J. Smith 

[From the Concord Evening Monitor of Sept. 3, 1918] 

The death of Senator Gallinger brings genuine sorrow to the 
Nation, New Hampshire, Concord, and to many of us a great per- 
sonal loss. So well expressed by President Wilson in his telegram 
of condolence, " the loss can not be estimated." 

By his long service and commanding ability he had become a 
national Senator, and not simply a Senator from New Hampshire, 
and those who have been furnished the Congressional Record 
must have observed the great number of petitions and requests 
that came to him from every State in the Union. 

With his great influence he possessed a big heart, ever willing 
to work for a deserving cause. 

It is difiicult to realize that slavery still exists in America, not 
that the auction block is in actual use as in the days prior to the 
Civil War, but human beings are still bought and sold for money 
consideration, notably Chinese women and girls, the governing 
price being from $2,000 to $3,000 each. 

The number of Chinese women in this country is comparatively 
small and desperate are the efforts made by the Chinese to land 
women and especially girls in the United States. 

Underground methods, dishonest practices, and attempts at 
bribery are some of the ways taken to evade the law. 

All the great religious denominations maintain Chinese mis- 
sions in San Francisco, where slave women and girls are cared 
for after being rescued. 

A few years ago two Chinese girls. Ah Ching and Ying Yute, 
were brought from China to Seattle, a Chinaman appearing and 
claiming under oath that they were his daughters. As such they 
had a right to land and they were admitted. Subsequently the al- 
leged father sold the girls into slavery in California, and they were 
rescued by Miss Donaldina M. Cameron, superintendent of the 
Chinese mission of the Presbyterian Church, San Francisco. 

The Chinaman who had sworn falsely was arrested, given trial 
in the United States Court, and served a term in prison. 

The two girls, after their entrance into the home, made prog- 
ress rapidly in education and otherwise, and they soon found 
their way to the hearts of the officers, the attendants, and rescued 
slave girls. 



[131] 



Memorial Addresses: Senator Gallinger 

Then it was that accidentally the writer met Miss Cameron in 
the Bank of California and her appearance gave the impression 
of illness, and on inquiry she stated she was dreadfully worried 
and did I have time to listen to the story. 

She then told me of Ah Ching and Ying Yute, how she had 
rescued them, how dear they were to her and others, of their 
progress since arrival from pagan China, that the Immigration 
Bureau believed they were illegally in this country, or technically 
so, and planned their deportation. That their return to China 
would be a life worse than death. "Oh!" she exclaimed, "can 
not you save these girls? We have exhausted every effort." 

It was then the magnificent personality of Senator Gallinger 
loomed up before me. 

A statement legally 4ra-v«n,. "was prepared, properly signed by 
the officials of thej^esbytcrian Board, and forwarded to Senator 
Gallinger, with such additional information as was obtainable, 
with the request that the same be presented to the President for 
his action. 

In less than one week authority was flashed across the conti- 
nent for the final landing of the two girls with Miss Cameron as 
guardian. 

There was jubilation in that mission home that night among 
the officers and 100 rescued slave girls, and many prayers went 
up to heaven for the President of the United States and for Sen- 
ator Gallinger. 

Later on Ying Yute was married to a Christian Chinese mer- 
chant of New Orleans, and at the wedding an elaborate breakfast 
was served. Occupying a seat next to the bride, conversation 
being in English, she again asked me to convey her greetings to 
Senator Gallinger and her appreciation for the saving of her 

life. 

Ah Ching is still a member of the mission home, a real assistant, 

a dear sweet girl, loved by all. 

A small matter, some may say, to bring to the attention of 
United States Senator Gallinger. Yes, if a comparison is drawn 
between his great work in the fields of diplomacy, finance, com- 
merce, statesmanship, but the actual saving of two lives, their 
work in the missions, is so far-reaching who can estimate results? 

The noble work of Senator Gallinger in the case cited prob- 
ably made no great impression on himself. It was a duty per- 



[132 



Tributes 



formed. So it was only an incident. It was of yesterday. Not 
to-day with new requests, new duties for to-morrow. 

The President of the United States, United States Senators with- 
out regard to party alignment, Members of the House of Repre- 
sentatives and diplomats, the press of the country, pay tribute to 
the great work of Senator Gallinger, and very properly. 

Then there are thousands of people in the more humble walks 
who loved him in life and will never cease to do honor to his 
memory. 

Ah Ching and Ying Yute, rescued slave girls, to-day educated 
young women, never will cease thanking God for the splendid 
service in their behalf, all credit being given to Senator Gallinger 
for saving them from a life of misery and degradation in China. 

Oakland, Calif. 



[133] 



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